Employees: NN (None)Legal category: Société à responsabilité limitée (sans autre indication)Size: PMECreation date: 1993-12-28 (32 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Autres intermédiaires du commerce en produits diversLocation: LES CLAYES-SOUS-BOIS (78340), Yvelines
TRADING : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
TRADING is a French company
founded 32 years ago,
specialized in the sector Autres intermédiaires du commerce en produits divers.
Based in LES CLAYES-SOUS-BOIS (78340),
this company of category PME
shows in 2020 a revenue of 21 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
In 2020, TRADING achieves revenue of 21 k€. Revenue is declining over the period 2016-2020 (CAGR: -26.2%). Significant drop of -57% vs 2018. After deducting consumption (10 k€), gross margin stands at 11 k€, i.e. a rate of 51%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches -6 k€, representing -28.0% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (-57%), EBITDA varies by -267%, reducing margin by 35.2 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. Negative EBITDA means operations do not cover current expenses: concerning situation. Net income is negative at -6 k€ (-28.0% of revenue), which will impact equity.
Revenue (2020)
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Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
21 067 €
Gross margin (2020)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
10 848 €
EBITDA (2020)
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Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
-5 901 €
EBIT (2020)
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EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
-5 901 €
Net income (2020)
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Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
-5 901 €
EBITDA margin (2020)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
-28.0%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 13%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 11%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers).
Debt ratio (2020)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
13.237%
Financial autonomy (2020)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
10.555%
Cash flow / Revenue (2020)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
-28.011%
Repayment capacity (2020)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
0.0
Solvency indicators evolution TRADING
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2020
Debt ratio
481.589
96.565
25.878
13.237
Financial autonomy
68.235
37.021
15.658
10.555
Repayment capacity
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cash flow / Revenue
11.998%
10.593%
9.166%
-28.011%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
13.242020
2017
2018
2020
Q1: 0.0
Med: 8.21
Q3: 66.12
Average-23 pts over 3 years
In 2020, the debt ratio of TRADING (13.24) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Financial autonomy
10.55%2020
2017
2018
2020
Q1: 8.73%
Med: 34.68%
Q3: 64.97%
Average-27 pts over 3 years
In 2020, the financial autonomy of TRADING (10.6%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Repayment capacity
0.0 years2020
2017
2018
2020
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.92 years
Excellent
In 2020, the repayment capacity of TRADING (0.00) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A short capacity reflects controlled debt and good cash generation.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 480.87. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.
Liquidity ratio (2020)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
480.87
Interest coverage (2020)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
0.0
Liquidity indicators evolution TRADING
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2020
Liquidity ratio
111.705
158.565
247.031
480.87
Interest coverage
3.668
0.0
1.953
0.0
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
480.872020
2017
2018
2020
Q1: 129.45
Med: 231.65
Q3: 450.68
Excellent+38 pts over 3 years
In 2020, the liquidity ratio of TRADING (480.87) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. A ratio above 1 ensures comfortable coverage of short-term maturities.
Interest coverage
0.0x2020
2017
2018
2020
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.54x
Average
In 2020, the interest coverage of TRADING (0.0x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 107 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 26 days. The gap of 81 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Inventory turnover is 93 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). This high level ties up cash and potentially creates obsolescence risk. Overall, WCR represents 262 days of revenue, i.e. 15 k€ to permanently finance. Over 2016-2020, WCR increased by +223%, requiring additional financing.
Operating WCR (2020)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
15 347 €
Customer credit (2020)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
107 j
Supplier credit (2020)
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Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
26 j
Inventory turnover (2020)
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Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
93 j
WCR in days of revenue (2020)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
262 j
WCR and payment terms evolution TRADING
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2020
Operating WCR
-12 431 €
-6 802 €
6 039 €
15 347 €
Inventory turnover (days)
49
49
51
93
Customer payment term (days)
7
1
44
107
Supplier payment term (days)
21
35
33
26
Positioning of TRADING in its sector
Comparison with sector Autres intermédiaires du commerce en produits divers
Valuation estimate
Based on 85 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of TRADING is estimated at
6 805 €
(range 3 790€ - 16 172€).
The price/revenue ratio is 0.32x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate. Medium reliability: estimate to be confirmed with in-depth analysis.
Estimated enterprise value2020
85 tx
3k€6k€16k€
6 805 €Range: 3 790€ - 16 172€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation method used
Revenue Multiple
21 067 €
×
0.32x
=6 806 €
Range: 3 791€ - 16 173€
Only this financial indicator is available for this company.
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 85 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Autres intermédiaires du commerce en produits divers)
Compare TRADING with other companies in the same sector:
The headquarters of TRADING is located in LES CLAYES-SOUS-BOIS (78340), in the department Yvelines.
Where to find the tax return of TRADING ?
The tax return of TRADING is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does TRADING operate?
TRADING operates in the sector Autres intermédiaires du commerce en produits divers (NAF code 46.19B). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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