TORO : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

TORO is a French company founded 10 years ago, specialized in the sector Vente à distance sur catalogue spécialisé. Based in LES PENNES-MIRABEAU (13170), this company of category PME shows in 2022 a revenue of 374 k€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-09

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - TORO (SIREN 819376542)
Indicator 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017
Revenue 373 971 € 367 644 € 294 876 € 327 189 € 337 539 € 510 366 €
Net income 23 319 € 42 918 € 20 214 € 45 580 € 41 483 € 92 594 €
EBITDA 27 877 € 50 219 € 24 253 € 57 440 € 53 052 € 122 019 €
Net margin 6.2% 11.7% 6.9% 13.9% 12.3% 18.1%

Revenue and income statement

In 2022, TORO achieves revenue of 374 k€. Revenue is declining over the period 2017-2022 (CAGR: -6.0%). Vs 2021: +2%. After deducting consumption (242 k€), gross margin stands at 132 k€, i.e. a rate of 35%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 28 k€, representing 7.5% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (+2%), EBITDA varies by -44%, reducing margin by 6.2 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. The operating margin remains fragile, requiring cost vigilance. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 23 k€, i.e. 6.2% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2022) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

373 971 €

Gross margin (2022) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

131 796 €

EBITDA (2022) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

27 877 €

EBIT (2022) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

27 875 €

Net income (2022) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

23 319 €

EBITDA margin (2022) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

7.5%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 1%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 1%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Cash flow represents 6.2% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. Satisfactory level allowing partial financing of growth.

Debt ratio (2022) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

0.785%

Financial autonomy (2022) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

0.589%

Cash flow / Revenue (2022) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

6.236%

Repayment capacity (2022) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

0.0

Solvency indicators evolution
TORO

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
0.79 2022
2020
2021
2022
Q1: 0.0
Med: 5.69
Q3: 79.03
Good

In 2022, the debt ratio of TORO (0.79) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. This controlled position reflects prudent management.

Financial autonomy
0.59% 2022
2020
2021
2022
Q1: 0.52%
Med: 27.76%
Q3: 59.75%
Average

In 2022, the financial autonomy of TORO (0.6%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Repayment capacity
0.0 years 2022
2020
2021
2022
Q1: -0.01 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.47 years
Good +25 pts over 3 years

In 2022, the repayment capacity of TORO (0.00) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. This controlled position reflects prudent management.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 476.62. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 1.6x. Coverage is limited: any activity downturn would jeopardize interest payments.

Liquidity ratio (2022) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

476.616

Interest coverage (2022) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

1.582

Liquidity indicators evolution
TORO

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
476.62 2022
2020
2021
2022
Q1: 103.59
Med: 185.63
Q3: 344.41
Excellent

In 2022, the liquidity ratio of TORO (476.62) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. A ratio above 1 ensures comfortable coverage of short-term maturities.

Interest coverage
1.58x 2022
2020
2021
2022
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.44x
Excellent

In 2022, the interest coverage of TORO (1.6x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 5 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 50 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 45 days of the operating cycle (retail model). Inventory turnover is 225 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). This high level ties up cash and potentially creates obsolescence risk. Overall, WCR represents 149 days of revenue, i.e. 155 k€ to permanently finance. Over 2017-2022, WCR increased by +4453%, requiring additional financing.

Operating WCR (2022) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

155 067 €

Customer credit (2022) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

5 j

Supplier credit (2022) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

50 j

Inventory turnover (2022) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

225 j

WCR in days of revenue (2022) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

149 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
TORO

Positioning of TORO in its sector

Comparison with sector Vente à distance sur catalogue spécialisé

Valuation estimate

Based on 121 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of TORO is estimated at 92 213 € (range 42 675€ - 215 232€). With an EBITDA of 27 877€, the sector multiple of 3.2x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.27x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2022
121 transactions
42k€ 92k€ 215k€
92 213 € Range: 42 675€ - 215 232€
NAF 5 all-time

Valuation detail by method

Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse

EBITDA Multiple 50%
27 877 € × 3.2x
Estimation 88 804 €
38 801€ - 205 665€
Revenue Multiple 30%
373 971 € × 0.27x
Estimation 100 958 €
58 527€ - 216 950€
Net Income Multiple 20%
23 319 € × 3.8x
Estimation 87 622 €
28 587€ - 236 575€

Valuation evolution

How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 121 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Vente à distance sur catalogue spécialisé)

Compare TORO with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about TORO

What is the revenue of TORO ?

The revenue of TORO in 2022 is 374 k€.

Is TORO profitable?

Yes, TORO generated a net profit of 23 k€ in 2022.

Where is the headquarters of TORO ?

The headquarters of TORO is located in LES PENNES-MIRABEAU (13170), in the department Bouches-du-Rhone.

Where to find the tax return of TORO ?

The tax return of TORO is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does TORO operate?

TORO operates in the sector Vente à distance sur catalogue spécialisé (NAF code 47.91B). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.