Employees: NN (None)Legal category: Société à responsabilité limitée (sans autre indication)Size: PMECreation date: 2007-06-30 (18 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Location de logementsLocation: RUEIL-MALMAISON (92500), Hauts-de-Seine
TOCADE : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
TOCADE is a French company
founded 18 years ago,
specialized in the sector Location de logements.
Based in RUEIL-MALMAISON (92500),
this company of category PME
shows in 2021 a revenue of 41 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
In 2021, TOCADE achieves revenue of 41 k€. Revenue is growing positively over 7 years (CAGR: +0.6%). Vs 2020: +4%. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 41 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 19 k€, representing 46.0% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (+4%), EBITDA varies by -12%, reducing margin by 8.3 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 3 k€, i.e. 6.4% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2021)
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Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
40 683 €
Gross margin (2021)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
40 683 €
EBITDA (2021)
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Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
18 728 €
EBIT (2021)
?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
2 587 €
Net income (2021)
?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
2 585 €
EBITDA margin (2021)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
46.0%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 114%. Debt level is high: negotiating margin with banks is reduced. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 46%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 17.6 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. Beyond 7 years, banks generally consider credit risk as high. Cash flow represents 46.0% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.
Debt ratio (2021)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
114.299%
Financial autonomy (2021)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
46.44%
Cash flow / Revenue (2021)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
46.032%
Repayment capacity (2021)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
17.565
Asset age ratio (2021)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Debt ratio
162.831
156.162
143.214
133.638
127.779
121.134
114.299
Financial autonomy
37.905
38.998
40.921
42.652
43.801
45.001
46.44
Repayment capacity
18.94
21.692
15.259
15.167
18.583
16.621
17.565
Cash flow / Revenue
58.474%
51.306%
54.74%
54.339%
53.344%
53.284%
46.032%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
114.32021
2019
2020
2021
Q1: -311.81
Med: 0.0
Q3: 119.44
Average
In 2021, the debt ratio of TOCADE (114.30) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Financial autonomy
46.44%2021
2019
2020
2021
Q1: 0.03%
Med: 43.93%
Q3: 98.52%
Good
In 2021, the financial autonomy of TOCADE (46.4%) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Repayment capacity
17.57 years2021
2019
2020
2021
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.2 years
Q3: 15.28 years
Average
In 2021, the repayment capacity of TOCADE (17.57) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 432.75. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 0.0x. Danger: operating income does not cover interest charges, unsustainable situation.
Liquidity ratio (2021)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
432.751
Interest coverage (2021)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
0.011
Liquidity indicators evolution TOCADE
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Liquidity ratio
265.41
269.787
61.717
58.261
228.829
460.372
432.751
Interest coverage
16.523
14.325
8.472
5.818
3.486
0.514
0.011
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
432.752021
2019
2020
2021
Q1: 11.2
Med: 131.36
Q3: 722.35
Good+9 pts over 3 years
In 2021, the liquidity ratio of TOCADE (432.75) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Interest coverage
0.01x2021
2019
2020
2021
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 18.13x
Good
In 2021, the interest coverage of TOCADE (0.0x) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 0 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 48 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 48 days of the operating cycle (retail model). WCR is negative (-4 days): operations structurally generate cash. Over 2015-2021, WCR increased by +72%, requiring additional financing.
Operating WCR (2021)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
-397 €
Customer credit (2021)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
0 j
Supplier credit (2021)
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Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
48 j
Inventory turnover (2021)
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Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2021)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
-4 j
WCR and payment terms evolution TOCADE
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Operating WCR
-1 433 €
1 183 €
-1 714 €
598 €
1 135 €
-1 839 €
-397 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Supplier payment term (days)
20
16
27
59
26
28
48
Positioning of TOCADE in its sector
Comparison with sector Location de logements
Valuation estimate
Based on 178 transactions of similar company sales
in 2021,
the value of TOCADE is estimated at
56 233 €
(range 25 939€ - 103 442€).
With an EBITDA of 18 728€, the sector multiple of 4.7x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.70x
(in line with sector norms).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2021
178 transactions
25k€56k€103k€
56 233 €Range: 25 939€ - 103 442€
NAF 5 année 2021
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
18 728 €×4.7x
Estimation88 653 €
43 105€ - 147 180€
Revenue Multiple30%
40 683 €×0.70x
Estimation28 450 €
9 954€ - 74 908€
Net Income Multiple20%
2 585 €×6.5x
Estimation16 862 €
7 002€ - 36 900€
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 178 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Location de logements)
Compare TOCADE with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, TOCADE generated a net profit of 3 k€ in 2021.
Where is the headquarters of TOCADE ?
The headquarters of TOCADE is located in RUEIL-MALMAISON (92500), in the department Hauts-de-Seine.
Where to find the tax return of TOCADE ?
The tax return of TOCADE is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does TOCADE operate?
TOCADE operates in the sector Location de logements (NAF code 68.20A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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