Employees: 01 (2023.0)Legal category: Société à responsabilité limitée (sans autre indication)Size: ETICreation date: 2017-07-27 (8 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Formation continue d'adultesLocation: SAINT-MALO (35400), Ille-et-Vilaine
T M FORMATION : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
T M FORMATION is a French company
founded 8 years ago,
specialized in the sector Formation continue d'adultes.
Based in SAINT-MALO (35400),
this company of category ETI
shows in 2024 a revenue of 552 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
Financial history - T M FORMATION (SIREN 831348503)
Indicator
2024
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
Revenue
551 670 €
724 895 €
706 403 €
781 633 €
349 900 €
433 163 €
410 107 €
Net income
49 120 €
128 253 €
157 784 €
204 161 €
95 333 €
105 031 €
93 007 €
EBITDA
60 892 €
167 549 €
207 028 €
272 336 €
124 346 €
138 764 €
122 210 €
Net margin
8.9%
17.7%
22.3%
26.1%
27.2%
24.2%
22.7%
Revenue and income statement
In 2024, T M FORMATION achieves revenue of 552 k€. Over the period 2018-2024, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +5.1%. Significant drop of -24% vs 2023. After deducting consumption (4 k€), gross margin stands at 548 k€, i.e. a rate of 99%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 61 k€, representing 11.0% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (-24%), EBITDA varies by -64%, reducing margin by 12.1 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. This level of operating margin is satisfactory for the sector. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 49 k€, i.e. 8.9% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2024)
?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
551 670 €
Gross margin (2024)
?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
547 595 €
EBITDA (2024)
?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
60 892 €
EBIT (2024)
?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
60 197 €
Net income (2024)
?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
49 120 €
EBITDA margin (2024)
?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
11.0%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 133%. Debt level is high: negotiating margin with banks is reduced. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 34%. The balance between equity and debt is satisfactory. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 1.5 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 9.0% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. Satisfactory level allowing partial financing of growth.
Debt ratio (2024)
?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
133.315%
Financial autonomy (2024)
?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
33.64%
Cash flow / Revenue (2024)
?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
9.029%
Repayment capacity (2024)
?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
1.544
Asset age ratio (2024)
?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Debt ratio
0.0
0.0
0.0
112.839
170.787
0.475
133.315
Financial autonomy
50.455
73.247
47.565
23.31
22.388
75.845
33.64
Repayment capacity
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.174
1.829
0.005
1.544
Cash flow / Revenue
22.679%
24.247%
27.246%
26.132%
22.514%
17.904%
9.029%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
133.312024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0
Med: 3.22
Q3: 34.93
Watch
In 2024, the debt ratio of T M FORMATION (133.31) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A high ratio may indicate excessive dependence on external financing.
Financial autonomy
33.64%2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 1.03%
Med: 30.48%
Q3: 60.98%
Good+11 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the financial autonomy of T M FORMATION (33.6%) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Repayment capacity
1.54 years2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.51 years
Average
In 2024, the repayment capacity of T M FORMATION (1.54) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 437.65. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 1.9x. Coverage is limited: any activity downturn would jeopardize interest payments.
Liquidity ratio (2024)
?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
437.651
Interest coverage (2024)
?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
1.895
Liquidity indicators evolution T M FORMATION
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Liquidity ratio
201.835
373.777
190.713
198.288
252.246
410.54
437.651
Interest coverage
0.0
0.012
0.0
0.165
0.511
0.602
1.895
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
437.652024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 126.79
Med: 230.24
Q3: 439.51
Good+20 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the liquidity ratio of T M FORMATION (437.65) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Interest coverage
1.9x2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.65x
Excellent
In 2024, the interest coverage of T M FORMATION (1.9x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 32 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 13 days. The company must finance 19 days of gap between collections and payments. Overall, WCR represents 61 days of revenue, i.e. 94 k€ to permanently finance.
Operating WCR (2024)
?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
93 552 €
Customer credit (2024)
?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
32 j
Supplier credit (2024)
?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
13 j
Inventory turnover (2024)
?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2024)
?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
61 j
WCR and payment terms evolution T M FORMATION
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Operating WCR
99 090 €
102 136 €
20 770 €
609 541 €
588 236 €
50 735 €
93 552 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
61
2
48
301
271
12
32
Supplier payment term (days)
54
28
87
128
104
17
13
Positioning of T M FORMATION in its sector
Comparison with sector Formation continue d'adultes
Valuation estimate
Based on 134 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of T M FORMATION is estimated at
154 021 €
(range 54 421€ - 443 385€).
With an EBITDA of 60 892€, the sector multiple of 2.2x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.36x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2024
134 transactions
54k€154k€443k€
154 021 €Range: 54 421€ - 443 385€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
60 892 €×2.2x
Estimation132 024 €
47 841€ - 343 376€
Revenue Multiple30%
551 670 €×0.36x
Estimation197 188 €
65 789€ - 385 540€
Net Income Multiple20%
49 120 €×2.9x
Estimation144 263 €
53 822€ - 780 178€
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 134 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Formation continue d'adultes)
Compare T M FORMATION with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, T M FORMATION generated a net profit of 49 k€ in 2024.
Where is the headquarters of T M FORMATION ?
The headquarters of T M FORMATION is located in SAINT-MALO (35400), in the department Ille-et-Vilaine.
Where to find the tax return of T M FORMATION ?
The tax return of T M FORMATION is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does T M FORMATION operate?
T M FORMATION operates in the sector Formation continue d'adultes (NAF code 85.59A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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