STEPHAN LEARNING : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
STEPHAN LEARNING is a French company
founded 24 years ago,
specialized in the sector Formation continue d'adultes.
Based in SAINT-ETIENNE (42000),
this company of category PME
shows in 2025 a revenue of 504 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
Financial history - STEPHAN LEARNING (SIREN 439795600)
Indicator
2025
2024
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
Revenue
503 804 €
587 757 €
670 551 €
530 064 €
543 303 €
818 888 €
900 655 €
773 108 €
Net income
-1 213 €
-47 986 €
-6 773 €
-143 338 €
-65 634 €
14 099 €
11 290 €
0 €
EBITDA
24 086 €
37 492 €
32 754 €
-33 133 €
-12 953 €
100 857 €
121 533 €
91 782 €
Net margin
-0.2%
-8.2%
-1.0%
-27.0%
-12.1%
1.7%
1.3%
0.0%
Revenue and income statement
In 2025, STEPHAN LEARNING achieves revenue of 504 k€. Revenue is declining over the period 2018-2025 (CAGR: -5.9%). Significant drop of -14% vs 2024. After deducting consumption (23 k€), gross margin stands at 481 k€, i.e. a rate of 96%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 24 k€, representing 4.8% of revenue. The operating margin remains fragile, requiring cost vigilance. Net income is negative at -1 k€ (-0.2% of revenue), which will impact equity.
Revenue (2025)
?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
503 804 €
Gross margin (2025)
?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
481 158 €
EBITDA (2025)
?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
24 086 €
EBIT (2025)
?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
-13 383 €
Net income (2025)
?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
-1 213 €
EBITDA margin (2025)
?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
4.8%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Item
Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at -12%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches -49%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 2.9 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 1.6% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment.
Debt ratio (2025)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
-11.801%
Financial autonomy (2025)
?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
-48.587%
Cash flow / Revenue (2025)
?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
1.556%
Repayment capacity (2025)
?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
2.904
Asset age ratio (2025)
?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Debt ratio
0.0
0.0
166.634
1880.878
-82.216
-57.661
-27.678
-11.801
Financial autonomy
12.236
11.839
13.531
1.473
-38.995
-29.98
-51.314
-48.587
Repayment capacity
0.0
0.0
3.812
-2.194
-1.511
-15.288
4.598
2.904
Cash flow / Revenue
1.61%
2.733%
3.844%
-10.034%
-14.02%
-0.808%
1.952%
1.556%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
-11.82025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 0.0
Med: 4.1
Q3: 39.26
Excellent
In 2025, the debt ratio of STEPHAN LEARNING (-11.80) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A low ratio indicates a solid financial structure with little dependence on creditors.
Financial autonomy
-48.59%2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 1.95%
Med: 30.49%
Q3: 62.39%
Watch
In 2025, the financial autonomy of STEPHAN LEARNING (-48.6%) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. Low autonomy may limit investment capacity and increase vulnerability.
Repayment capacity
2.9 years2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.68 years
Watch+50 pts over 3 years
In 2025, the repayment capacity of STEPHAN LEARNING (2.90) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A long duration may signal heavy debt relative to repayment capacity.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 63.56. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 4.6x. Financial charges are adequately covered by operations.
Liquidity ratio (2025)
?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
63.556
Interest coverage (2025)
?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
4.571
Liquidity indicators evolution STEPHAN LEARNING
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Liquidity ratio
114.619
125.923
178.904
167.417
109.46
99.066
67.51
63.556
Interest coverage
2.552
2.814
4.005
-17.973
-210.262
12.478
140.443
4.571
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
63.562025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 138.82
Med: 248.55
Q3: 557.49
Watch-10 pts over 3 years
In 2025, the liquidity ratio of STEPHAN LEARNING (63.56) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. A ratio below 1 may signal potential cash flow tensions.
Interest coverage
4.57x2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.8x
Excellent
In 2025, the interest coverage of STEPHAN LEARNING (4.6x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 79 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 330 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 251 days of the operating cycle (retail model). Inventory turnover is 6 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). Fast turnover, sign of good inventory management. Overall, WCR represents 36 days of revenue, i.e. 50 k€ to permanently finance. Notable WCR improvement over the period (-41%), freeing up cash.
Operating WCR (2025)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
49 836 €
Customer credit (2025)
?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
79 j
Supplier credit (2025)
?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
330 j
Inventory turnover (2025)
?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
6 j
WCR in days of revenue (2025)
?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
36 j
WCR and payment terms evolution STEPHAN LEARNING
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Operating WCR
83 759 €
94 380 €
81 578 €
106 759 €
48 193 €
153 771 €
21 624 €
49 836 €
Inventory turnover (days)
14
22
11
23
26
20
28
6
Customer payment term (days)
76
91
67
68
66
63
60
79
Supplier payment term (days)
98
73
37
58
100
226
205
330
Positioning of STEPHAN LEARNING in its sector
Comparison with sector Formation continue d'adultes
Valuation estimate
Based on 134 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of STEPHAN LEARNING is estimated at
100 168 €
(range 34 357€ - 216 922€).
With an EBITDA of 24 086€, the sector multiple of 2.2x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.36x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2025
134 transactions
34k€100k€216k€
100 168 €Range: 34 357€ - 216 922€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
24 086 €×2.2x
Estimation52 223 €
18 924€ - 135 823€
Revenue Multiple30%
503 804 €×0.36x
Estimation180 079 €
60 081€ - 352 088€
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 134 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Formation continue d'adultes)
Compare STEPHAN LEARNING with other companies in the same sector:
The revenue of STEPHAN LEARNING in 2025 is 504 k€.
Is STEPHAN LEARNING profitable?
STEPHAN LEARNING recorded a net loss in 2025.
Where is the headquarters of STEPHAN LEARNING ?
The headquarters of STEPHAN LEARNING is located in SAINT-ETIENNE (42000), in the department Loire.
Where to find the tax return of STEPHAN LEARNING ?
The tax return of STEPHAN LEARNING is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does STEPHAN LEARNING operate?
STEPHAN LEARNING operates in the sector Formation continue d'adultes (NAF code 85.59A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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