SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION is a French company founded 32 years ago, specialized in the sector Formation continue d'adultes. Based in PARIS (75015), this company of category ETI shows in 2024 a revenue of 6.5 M€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-09

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION (SIREN 395129471)
Indicator 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
Revenue 6 487 040 € 11 115 923 € 14 047 124 € 12 296 267 € 10 663 527 € 9 787 988 € 6 999 031 € 7 106 687 € 8 077 566 €
Net income -2 539 538 € 1 155 083 € 2 231 022 € 3 752 999 € -4 035 225 € 2 844 706 € 2 405 824 € 2 027 535 € 1 950 571 €
EBITDA -1 841 754 € 1 556 097 € 3 254 561 € 2 561 200 € 2 451 642 € 2 213 623 € 1 722 554 € 1 928 207 € 2 833 114 €
Net margin -39.1% 10.4% 15.9% 30.5% -37.8% 29.1% 34.4% 28.5% 24.1%

Revenue and income statement

In 2024, SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION achieves revenue of 6.5 M€. Activity remains stable over the period (CAGR: -2.7%). Significant drop of -42% vs 2023. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 6.5 M€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches -1.8 M€, representing -28.4% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (-42%), EBITDA varies by -218%, reducing margin by 42.4 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. Negative EBITDA means operations do not cover current expenses: concerning situation. Net income is negative at -2.5 M€ (-39.1% of revenue), which will impact equity.

Revenue (2024) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

6 487 040 €

Gross margin (2024) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

6 487 040 €

EBITDA (2024) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

-1 841 754 €

EBIT (2024) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

-1 919 845 €

Net income (2024) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

-2 539 538 €

EBITDA margin (2024) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

-28.3%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at -1490%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches -5%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers).

Debt ratio (2024) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

-1489.712%

Financial autonomy (2024) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

-4.789%

Cash flow / Revenue (2024) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

-33.943%

Repayment capacity (2024) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

-1.733

Asset age ratio (2024) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

22.6%

Solvency indicators evolution
SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
-1489.71 2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0
Med: 3.22
Q3: 34.93
Excellent -50 pts over 3 years

In 2024, the debt ratio of SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE F... (-1489.71) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A low ratio indicates a solid financial structure with little dependence on creditors.

Financial autonomy
-4.79% 2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 1.03%
Med: 30.48%
Q3: 60.98%
Average -28 pts over 3 years

In 2024, the financial autonomy of SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE F... (-4.8%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Repayment capacity
-1.73 years 2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.51 years
Excellent -50 pts over 3 years

In 2024, the repayment capacity of SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE F... (-1.73) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A short capacity reflects controlled debt and good cash generation.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 332.32. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.

Liquidity ratio (2024) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

332.323

Interest coverage (2024) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

-28.11

Liquidity indicators evolution
SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
332.32 2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 126.79
Med: 230.24
Q3: 439.51
Good +8 pts over 3 years

In 2024, the liquidity ratio of SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE F... (332.32) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Interest coverage
-28.11x 2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.65x
Average -50 pts over 3 years

In 2024, the interest coverage of SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE F... (-28.1x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 186 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 17 days. The gap of 169 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Overall, WCR represents 173 days of revenue, i.e. 3.1 M€ to permanently finance. Notable WCR improvement over the period (-34%), freeing up cash.

Operating WCR (2024) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

3 111 055 €

Customer credit (2024) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

186 j

Supplier credit (2024) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

17 j

Inventory turnover (2024) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2024) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

173 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION

Positioning of SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION in its sector

Comparison with sector Formation continue d'adultes

Valuation estimate

Based on 134 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION is estimated at 2 318 720 € (range 773 612€ - 4 533 533€). The price/revenue ratio is 0.36x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2024
134 transactions
773k€ 2318k€ 4533k€
2 318 720 € Range: 773 612€ - 4 533 533€
NAF 5 all-time

Valuation method used

Revenue Multiple
6 487 040 € × 0.36x = 2 318 720 €
Range: 773 613€ - 4 533 533€

Only this financial indicator is available for this company.

Valuation evolution

How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 134 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Formation continue d'adultes)

Compare SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION with other companies in the same sector:

Voir toutes les statistiques du secteur Formation continue d'adultes

Frequently asked questions about SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION

What is the revenue of SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION ?

The revenue of SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION in 2024 is 6.5 M€.

Is SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION profitable?

SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION recorded a net loss in 2024.

Where is the headquarters of SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION ?

The headquarters of SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION is located in PARIS (75015), in the department Paris.

Where to find the tax return of SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION ?

The tax return of SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION operate?

SOCIETE FRANCAISE ETUDE FORMATION operates in the sector Formation continue d'adultes (NAF code 85.59A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.