SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE is a French company founded 33 years ago, specialized in the sector Enseignement supérieur. Based in AUBERVILLIERS (93300), this company of category ETI shows in 2023 a revenue of 4.2 M€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-09

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE (SIREN 390203289)
Indicator 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
Revenue 4 246 767 € 415 727 € 2 174 924 € 3 822 410 € 3 719 470 € 3 412 997 € N/C 2 826 657 €
Net income -806 782 € -96 849 € -1 828 036 € -618 501 € -2 128 488 € -480 951 € -652 973 € -436 259 €
EBITDA -639 361 € -57 069 € -928 410 € 310 538 € 519 912 € 105 705 € N/C 71 625 €
Net margin -19.0% -23.3% -84.1% -16.2% -57.2% -14.1% N/C -15.4%

Revenue and income statement

In 2023, SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE achieves revenue of 4.2 M€. Over the period 2016-2023, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +6.0%. Vs 2022, growth of +922% (416 k€ -> 4.2 M€). After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 4.2 M€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches -639 k€, representing -15.1% of revenue. Negative EBITDA means operations do not cover current expenses: concerning situation. Net income is negative at -807 k€ (-19.0% of revenue), which will impact equity.

Revenue (2023) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

4 246 767 €

Gross margin (2023) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

4 246 767 €

EBITDA (2023) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

-639 361 €

EBIT (2023) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

-948 434 €

Net income (2023) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

-806 782 €

EBITDA margin (2023) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

-15.0%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 86%. Debt level is high: negotiating margin with banks is reduced. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 31%. The balance between equity and debt is satisfactory.

Debt ratio (2023) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

85.71%

Financial autonomy (2023) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

31.238%

Cash flow / Revenue (2023) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

-11.719%

Repayment capacity (2023) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

-3.786

Asset age ratio (2023) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

23.3%

Solvency indicators evolution
SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
85.71 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0
Med: 9.12
Q3: 45.37
Watch +51 pts over 3 years

In 2023, the debt ratio of SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERI... (85.71) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A high ratio may indicate excessive dependence on external financing.

Financial autonomy
31.24% 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 6.96%
Med: 31.41%
Q3: 53.29%
Average +28 pts over 3 years

In 2023, the financial autonomy of SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERI... (31.2%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Repayment capacity
-3.79 years 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.69 years
Excellent

In 2023, the repayment capacity of SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERI... (-3.79) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A short capacity reflects controlled debt and good cash generation.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 214.26. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.

Liquidity ratio (2023) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

214.263

Interest coverage (2023) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

-3.829

Liquidity indicators evolution
SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
214.26 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 122.92
Med: 223.23
Q3: 348.95
Average +30 pts over 3 years

In 2023, the liquidity ratio of SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERI... (214.26) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Interest coverage
-3.83x 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.08x
Q3: 2.01x
Watch

In 2023, the interest coverage of SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERI... (-3.8x) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. Low coverage may indicate fragility to rate or income variations.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 259 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 70 days. The gap of 189 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Overall, WCR represents 259 days of revenue, i.e. 3.0 M€ to permanently finance. Over 2016-2023, WCR increased by +72%, requiring additional financing.

Operating WCR (2023) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

3 049 986 €

Customer credit (2023) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

259 j

Supplier credit (2023) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

70 j

Inventory turnover (2023) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2023) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

259 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE

Positioning of SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE in its sector

Comparison with sector Enseignement supérieur

Valuation estimate

Based on 412 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE is estimated at 1 239 104 € (range 642 518€ - 2 013 465€). The price/revenue ratio is 0.29x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2023
412 transactions
642k€ 1239k€ 2013k€
1 239 104 € Range: 642 518€ - 2 013 465€
Section all-time Aggregated at NAF section level

Valuation method used

Revenue Multiple
4 246 767 € × 0.29x = 1 239 105 €
Range: 642 518€ - 2 013 465€

Only this financial indicator is available for this company.

Valuation evolution

How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 412 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Enseignement supérieur)

Compare SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE with other companies in the same sector:

Voir toutes les statistiques du secteur Enseignement supérieur

Frequently asked questions about SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE

What is the revenue of SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE ?

The revenue of SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE in 2023 is 4.2 M€.

Is SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE profitable?

SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE recorded a net loss in 2023.

Where is the headquarters of SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE ?

The headquarters of SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE is located in AUBERVILLIERS (93300), in the department Seine-Saint-Denis.

Where to find the tax return of SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE ?

The tax return of SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE operate?

SCHOOL OF AUDIO ENGINEERING FRANCE operates in the sector Enseignement supérieur (NAF code 85.42Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.