Employees: NN (None)Legal category: SCA (commandite par actions)Size: PMECreation date: 2009-05-15 (16 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Édition de livresLocation: PARIS (75011), Paris
SAS QUE CHOISIR : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
SAS QUE CHOISIR is a French company
founded 16 years ago,
specialized in the sector Édition de livres.
Based in PARIS (75011),
this company of category PME
shows in 2023 a revenue of 2.8 M€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
Financial history - SAS QUE CHOISIR (SIREN 512726894)
Indicator
2023
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
Revenue
2 759 513 €
1 465 740 €
2 146 198 €
1 484 839 €
2 004 465 €
1 635 500 €
Net income
1 139 225 €
222 621 €
475 163 €
290 502 €
485 487 €
229 864 €
EBITDA
1 710 292 €
423 973 €
857 416 €
459 526 €
1 993 749 €
505 254 €
Net margin
41.3%
15.2%
22.1%
19.6%
24.2%
14.1%
Revenue and income statement
In 2023, SAS QUE CHOISIR achieves revenue of 2.8 M€. Over the period 2016-2023, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +7.8%. Vs 2020, growth of +88% (1.5 M€ -> 2.8 M€). After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 2.8 M€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 1.7 M€, representing 62.0% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +33.1 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 1.1 M€, i.e. 41.3% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2023)
?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
2 759 513 €
Gross margin (2023)
?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
2 759 513 €
EBITDA (2023)
?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
1 710 292 €
EBIT (2023)
?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
1 504 074 €
Net income (2023)
?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
1 139 225 €
EBITDA margin (2023)
?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
61.7%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
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Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 4%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 83%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.1 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 47.3% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.
Debt ratio (2023)
?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
3.883%
Financial autonomy (2023)
?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
82.952%
Cash flow / Revenue (2023)
?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
47.33%
Repayment capacity (2023)
?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
0.094
Solvency indicators evolution SAS QUE CHOISIR
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2023
Debt ratio
13.14
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.883
Financial autonomy
48.083
68.369
85.336
73.546
85.841
82.952
Repayment capacity
0.369
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.094
Cash flow / Revenue
13.895%
-11.811%
18.232%
29.188%
12.498%
47.33%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
3.882023
2019
2020
2023
Q1: 0.0
Med: 0.92
Q3: 37.35
Average+27 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the debt ratio of SAS QUE CHOISIR (3.88) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Financial autonomy
82.95%2023
2019
2020
2023
Q1: 0.28%
Med: 24.95%
Q3: 56.79%
Excellent
In 2023, the financial autonomy of SAS QUE CHOISIR (83.0%) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. High autonomy reflects financial independence and ability to absorb shocks.
Repayment capacity
0.09 years2023
2019
2020
2023
Q1: -0.01 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.15 years
Average+41 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the repayment capacity of SAS QUE CHOISIR (0.09) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 738.79. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.
Liquidity ratio (2023)
?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
738.794
Interest coverage (2023)
?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
0.0
Liquidity indicators evolution SAS QUE CHOISIR
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2023
Liquidity ratio
219.851
323.381
716.414
392.848
727.851
738.794
Interest coverage
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
738.792023
2019
2020
2023
Q1: 143.99
Med: 239.01
Q3: 486.48
Excellent
In 2023, the liquidity ratio of SAS QUE CHOISIR (738.79) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. A ratio above 1 ensures comfortable coverage of short-term maturities.
Interest coverage
0.0x2023
2019
2020
2023
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.64x
Average
In 2023, the interest coverage of SAS QUE CHOISIR (0.0x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 175 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 74 days. The gap of 101 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Inventory turnover is 9 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). Fast turnover, sign of good inventory management. Overall, WCR represents 185 days of revenue, i.e. 1.4 M€ to permanently finance. Over 2016-2023, WCR increased by +28%, requiring additional financing.
Operating WCR (2023)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
1 414 250 €
Customer credit (2023)
?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
175 j
Supplier credit (2023)
?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
74 j
Inventory turnover (2023)
?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
9 j
WCR in days of revenue (2023)
?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
185 j
WCR and payment terms evolution SAS QUE CHOISIR
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2023
Operating WCR
1 101 427 €
830 129 €
322 477 €
1 077 499 €
377 780 €
1 414 250 €
Inventory turnover (days)
16
11
14
9
10
9
Customer payment term (days)
212
145
40
161
59
175
Supplier payment term (days)
118
0
64
102
87
74
Positioning of SAS QUE CHOISIR in its sector
Comparison with sector Édition de livres
Valuation estimate
Based on 104 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of SAS QUE CHOISIR is estimated at
2 190 919 €
(range 849 041€ - 6 313 613€).
With an EBITDA of 1 710 292€, the sector multiple of 1.1x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.24x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2023
104 transactions
849k€2190k€6313k€
2 190 919 €Range: 849 041€ - 6 313 613€
NAF 4 all-time
Aggregated at NAF sub-class level
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
1 710 292 €×1.1x
Estimation1 963 383 €
1 011 836€ - 8 058 274€
Revenue Multiple30%
2 759 513 €×0.24x
Estimation673 722 €
332 556€ - 1 265 702€
Net Income Multiple20%
1 139 225 €×4.4x
Estimation5 035 558 €
1 216 784€ - 9 523 827€
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 104 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Édition de livres)
Compare SAS QUE CHOISIR with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, SAS QUE CHOISIR generated a net profit of 1.1 M€ in 2023.
Where is the headquarters of SAS QUE CHOISIR ?
The headquarters of SAS QUE CHOISIR is located in PARIS (75011), in the department Paris.
Where to find the tax return of SAS QUE CHOISIR ?
The tax return of SAS QUE CHOISIR is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does SAS QUE CHOISIR operate?
SAS QUE CHOISIR operates in the sector Édition de livres (NAF code 58.11Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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