REF EOLIEN : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

REF EOLIEN is a French company founded 24 years ago, specialized in the sector Production d'électricité. Based in PARIS (75010), this company of category ETI shows in 2023 a revenue of 4.0 M€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-02

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - REF EOLIEN (SIREN 438206591)
Indicator 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
Revenue 3 981 596 € 7 300 622 € 3 654 177 € 3 035 969 € 2 785 650 € 2 673 347 € 1 902 803 € 1 577 510 €
Net income 849 676 € 2 430 260 € 1 200 250 € 694 906 € 527 791 € 393 024 € 197 312 € 183 424 €
EBITDA 1 890 098 € 4 172 074 € 2 652 821 € 1 950 238 € 1 754 016 € 2 068 096 € 1 018 997 € 901 074 €
Net margin 21.3% 33.3% 32.8% 22.9% 18.9% 14.7% 10.4% 11.6%

Revenue and income statement

In 2023, REF EOLIEN achieves revenue of 4.0 M€. Over the period 2016-2023, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +14.1%. Significant drop of -45% vs 2022. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 4.0 M€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 1.9 M€, representing 47.5% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (-45%), EBITDA varies by -55%, reducing margin by 9.7 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 850 k€, i.e. 21.3% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2023) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

3 981 596 €

Gross margin (2023) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

3 981 596 €

EBITDA (2023) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

1 890 098 €

EBIT (2023) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

1 199 594 €

Net income (2023) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

849 676 €

EBITDA margin (2023) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

47.5%

Loading income statement...

Chart evolution

Show :

Assets

Loading data...

Liabilities

Loading data...

Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 75%. Debt level is high: negotiating margin with banks is reduced. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 40%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.7 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 38.7% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.

Debt ratio (2023) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

75.409%

Financial autonomy (2023) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

40.013%

Cash flow / Revenue (2023) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

38.682%

Repayment capacity (2023) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

0.739

Asset age ratio (2023) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

10.6%

Solvency indicators evolution
REF EOLIEN

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
75.41 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: -242.24
Med: 0.0
Q3: 190.04
Average +10 pts over 3 years

In 2023, the debt ratio of REF EOLIEN (75.41) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Financial autonomy
40.01% 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: -6.3%
Med: 6.35%
Q3: 49.74%
Good -6 pts over 3 years

In 2023, the financial autonomy of REF EOLIEN (40.0%) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Repayment capacity
0.74 years 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: -3.51 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 6.0 years
Average

In 2023, the repayment capacity of REF EOLIEN (0.74) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 291.93. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 3.5x. Financial charges are adequately covered by operations.

Liquidity ratio (2023) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

291.929

Interest coverage (2023) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

3.497

Liquidity indicators evolution
REF EOLIEN

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
291.93 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 87.04
Med: 274.98
Q3: 887.78
Good -24 pts over 3 years

In 2023, the liquidity ratio of REF EOLIEN (291.93) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Interest coverage
3.5x 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: -3.13x
Med: 0.15x
Q3: 16.93x
Good

In 2023, the interest coverage of REF EOLIEN (3.5x) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 71 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 51 days. The company must finance 20 days of gap between collections and payments. Overall, WCR represents 81 days of revenue, i.e. 899 k€ to permanently finance. Notable WCR improvement over the period (-79%), freeing up cash.

Operating WCR (2023) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

899 044 €

Customer credit (2023) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

71 j

Supplier credit (2023) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

51 j

Inventory turnover (2023) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2023) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

81 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
REF EOLIEN

Positioning of REF EOLIEN in its sector

Comparison with sector Production d'électricité

Valuation estimate

Based on 85 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of REF EOLIEN is estimated at 3 602 447 € (range 537 877€ - 14 578 963€). With an EBITDA of 1 890 098€, the sector multiple of 2.4x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.69x (in line with sector norms). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Medium reliability: estimate to be confirmed with in-depth analysis.

Estimated enterprise value 2023
85 tx
537k€ 3602k€ 14578k€
3 602 447 € Range: 537 877€ - 14 578 963€
NAF 5 all-time

Valuation detail by method

Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse

EBITDA Multiple 50%
1 890 098 € × 2.4x
Estimation 4 573 415 €
501 854€ - 17 160 279€
Revenue Multiple 30%
3 981 596 € × 0.69x
Estimation 2 754 629 €
542 308€ - 13 978 738€
Net Income Multiple 20%
849 676 € × 2.9x
Estimation 2 446 759 €
621 289€ - 9 026 013€
How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 85 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Production d'électricité)

Compare REF EOLIEN with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about REF EOLIEN

What is the revenue of REF EOLIEN ?

The revenue of REF EOLIEN in 2023 is 4.0 M€.

Is REF EOLIEN profitable?

Yes, REF EOLIEN generated a net profit of 850 k€ in 2023.

Where is the headquarters of REF EOLIEN ?

The headquarters of REF EOLIEN is located in PARIS (75010), in the department Paris.

Where to find the tax return of REF EOLIEN ?

The tax return of REF EOLIEN is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does REF EOLIEN operate?

REF EOLIEN operates in the sector Production d'électricité (NAF code 35.11Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.