Employees: 02 (2023.0)Legal category: Société à responsabilité limitée (sans autre indication)Size: PMECreation date: 2003-05-01 (23 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Activités des agences de publicitéLocation: EGUILLES (13510), Bouches-du-Rhone
REAL : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
REAL is a French company
founded 23 years ago,
specialized in the sector Activités des agences de publicité.
Based in EGUILLES (13510),
this company of category PME
shows in 2023 a revenue of 730 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
In 2023, REAL achieves revenue of 730 k€. Revenue is declining over the period 2016-2023 (CAGR: -12.4%). Significant drop of -28% vs 2022. After deducting consumption (150 k€), gross margin stands at 580 k€, i.e. a rate of 79%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches -20 k€, representing -2.7% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +18.0 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. Negative EBITDA means operations do not cover current expenses: concerning situation. Net income is negative at -22 k€ (-3.0% of revenue), which will impact equity.
Revenue (2023)
?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
729 904 €
Gross margin (2023)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
579 883 €
EBITDA (2023)
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Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
-20 060 €
EBIT (2023)
?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
-23 376 €
Net income (2023)
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Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
-22 011 €
EBITDA margin (2023)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
-2.7%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 176%. Critical situation: debt significantly exceeds equity, severely limiting borrowing capacity and exposing the company to default risk. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 26%. The balance between equity and debt is satisfactory.
Debt ratio (2023)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
176.499%
Financial autonomy (2023)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
26.11%
Cash flow / Revenue (2023)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
-2.519%
Repayment capacity (2023)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
-10.205
Asset age ratio (2023)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Debt ratio
0.0
2.746
6.268
0.408
105.047
63.389
192.717
176.499
Financial autonomy
63.239
68.935
72.955
71.406
38.361
41.385
21.706
26.11
Repayment capacity
0.0
0.061
0.123
0.015
2.296
2.141
-1.216
-10.205
Cash flow / Revenue
12.201%
12.235%
17.013%
7.888%
13.746%
8.567%
-20.045%
-2.519%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
176.52023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0
Med: 9.05
Q3: 53.81
Watch
In 2023, the debt ratio of REAL (176.50) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A high ratio may indicate excessive dependence on external financing.
Financial autonomy
26.11%2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 9.05%
Med: 31.95%
Q3: 57.91%
Average-16 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the financial autonomy of REAL (26.1%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Repayment capacity
-10.21 years2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 1.06 years
Excellent-50 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the repayment capacity of REAL (-10.21) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A short capacity reflects controlled debt and good cash generation.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 345.19. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.
Liquidity ratio (2023)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
345.193
Interest coverage (2023)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
-8.175
Liquidity indicators evolution REAL
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Liquidity ratio
399.146
327.393
420.795
339.723
443.143
296.239
253.468
345.193
Interest coverage
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.205
0.234
-0.989
-8.175
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
345.192023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 137.05
Med: 211.0
Q3: 357.39
Good+8 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the liquidity ratio of REAL (345.19) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Interest coverage
-8.18x2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 1.65x
Average-30 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the interest coverage of REAL (-8.2x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 141 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 14 days. The gap of 127 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Overall, WCR represents 98 days of revenue, i.e. 198 k€ to permanently finance. Notable WCR improvement over the period (-56%), freeing up cash.
Operating WCR (2023)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
197 797 €
Customer credit (2023)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
141 j
Supplier credit (2023)
?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
14 j
Inventory turnover (2023)
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Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2023)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
98 j
WCR and payment terms evolution REAL
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Operating WCR
447 842 €
345 086 €
362 976 €
368 169 €
138 893 €
378 919 €
-57 689 €
197 797 €
Inventory turnover (days)
4
12
22
15
1
16
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
70
62
77
90
113
132
99
141
Supplier payment term (days)
38
29
29
16
31
30
6
14
Positioning of REAL in its sector
Comparison with sector Activités des agences de publicité
Valuation estimate
Based on 68 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of REAL is estimated at
163 835 €
(range 67 902€ - 278 880€).
The price/revenue ratio is 0.22x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate. Medium reliability: estimate to be confirmed with in-depth analysis.
Estimated enterprise value2023
68 tx
67k€163k€278k€
163 835 €Range: 67 902€ - 278 880€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation method used
Revenue Multiple
729 904 €
×
0.22x
=163 836 €
Range: 67 902€ - 278 880€
Only this financial indicator is available for this company.
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 68 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Activités des agences de publicité)
Compare REAL with other companies in the same sector:
The headquarters of REAL is located in EGUILLES (13510), in the department Bouches-du-Rhone.
Where to find the tax return of REAL ?
The tax return of REAL is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does REAL operate?
REAL operates in the sector Activités des agences de publicité (NAF code 73.11Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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