Employees: NN (None)Legal category: SCA (commandite par actions)Size: PMECreation date: 2000-10-01 (25 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Conseil pour les affaires et autres conseils de gestionLocation: PARIS (75017), Paris
PULL BUOY : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
PULL BUOY is a French company
founded 25 years ago,
specialized in the sector Conseil pour les affaires et autres conseils de gestion.
Based in PARIS (75017),
this company of category PME
shows in 2018 a revenue of 1.2 M€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
In 2018, PULL BUOY achieves revenue of 1.2 M€. Over the period 2014-2018, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +9.9%. Vs 2017: +8%. After deducting consumption (339 k€), gross margin stands at 830 k€, i.e. a rate of 71%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 83 k€, representing 7.1% of revenue. The operating margin remains fragile, requiring cost vigilance. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 42 k€, i.e. 3.6% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2018)
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Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
1 169 384 €
Gross margin (2018)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
830 257 €
EBITDA (2018)
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Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
82 928 €
EBIT (2018)
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EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
49 618 €
Net income (2018)
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Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
41 737 €
EBITDA margin (2018)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
7.1%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
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Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 134%. Debt level is high: negotiating margin with banks is reduced. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 27%. The balance between equity and debt is satisfactory. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 4.1 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This ratio remains within usual banking standards. Cash flow represents 6.1% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. Satisfactory level allowing partial financing of growth.
Debt ratio (2018)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
133.85%
Financial autonomy (2018)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
26.618%
Cash flow / Revenue (2018)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
6.115%
Repayment capacity (2018)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
4.091
Asset age ratio (2018)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
Debt ratio
501.504
384.127
313.734
211.085
133.85
Financial autonomy
12.824
15.256
17.814
22.584
26.618
Repayment capacity
-238.321
12.316
6.632
5.576
4.091
Cash flow / Revenue
-0.292%
4.349%
6.458%
6.426%
6.115%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
133.852018
2016
2017
2018
Q1: 0.0
Med: 4.47
Q3: 43.83
Average
In 2018, the debt ratio of PULL BUOY (133.85) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Financial autonomy
26.62%2018
2016
2017
2018
Q1: 5.79%
Med: 39.4%
Q3: 72.72%
Average+5 pts over 3 years
In 2018, the financial autonomy of PULL BUOY (26.6%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Repayment capacity
4.09 years2018
2016
2017
2018
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.66 years
Average
In 2018, the repayment capacity of PULL BUOY (4.09) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 66.08. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 8.2x. Operating income very largely covers interest expenses: high safety margin.
Liquidity ratio (2018)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
66.082
Interest coverage (2018)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
8.235
Liquidity indicators evolution PULL BUOY
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
Liquidity ratio
59.608
50.026
65.61
63.608
66.082
Interest coverage
60.259
34.765
22.704
16.922
8.235
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
66.082018
2016
2017
2018
Q1: 134.77
Med: 263.73
Q3: 636.73
Average
In 2018, the liquidity ratio of PULL BUOY (66.08) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Interest coverage
8.23x2018
2016
2017
2018
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.32x
Excellent
In 2018, the interest coverage of PULL BUOY (8.2x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 0 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 108 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 108 days of the operating cycle (retail model). Inventory turnover is 5 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). Fast turnover, sign of good inventory management. Overall, WCR represents 16 days of revenue, i.e. 51 k€ to permanently finance. Notable WCR improvement over the period (-26%), freeing up cash.
Operating WCR (2018)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
50 845 €
Customer credit (2018)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
0 j
Supplier credit (2018)
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Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
108 j
Inventory turnover (2018)
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Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
5 j
WCR in days of revenue (2018)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
16 j
WCR and payment terms evolution PULL BUOY
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
Operating WCR
68 370 €
-7 422 €
41 340 €
31 490 €
50 845 €
Inventory turnover (days)
5
5
6
6
5
Customer payment term (days)
0
0
0
0
0
Supplier payment term (days)
111
89
82
96
108
Positioning of PULL BUOY in its sector
Comparison with sector Conseil pour les affaires et autres conseils de gestion
Valuation estimate
Based on 69 transactions of similar company sales
in 2018,
the value of PULL BUOY is estimated at
279 776 €
(range 142 588€ - 575 513€).
With an EBITDA of 82 928€, the sector multiple of 3.1x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.33x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate. Medium reliability: estimate to be confirmed with in-depth analysis.
Estimated enterprise value2018
69 tx
142k€279k€575k€
279 776 €Range: 142 588€ - 575 513€
NAF 5 année 2018
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
82 928 €×3.1x
Estimation260 758 €
116 932€ - 586 611€
Revenue Multiple30%
1 169 384 €×0.33x
Estimation390 460 €
235 488€ - 659 710€
Net Income Multiple20%
41 737 €×3.9x
Estimation161 300 €
67 382€ - 421 474€
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 69 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Conseil pour les affaires et autres conseils de gestion)
Compare PULL BUOY with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, PULL BUOY generated a net profit of 42 k€ in 2018.
Where is the headquarters of PULL BUOY ?
The headquarters of PULL BUOY is located in PARIS (75017), in the department Paris.
Where to find the tax return of PULL BUOY ?
The tax return of PULL BUOY is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does PULL BUOY operate?
PULL BUOY operates in the sector Conseil pour les affaires et autres conseils de gestion (NAF code 70.22Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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