POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION is a French company founded 16 years ago, specialized in the sector Formation continue d'adultes. Based in TARNOS (40220), this company of category PME shows in 2023 a revenue of 2.5 M€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-09

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION (SIREN 518903091)
Indicator 2023 2019 2017 2016
Revenue 2 487 766 € 1 311 955 € 1 414 032 € 1 155 839 €
Net income -16 498 € -9 875 € 1 693 € 43 733 €
EBITDA -32 015 € -15 467 € -84 187 € -7 443 €
Net margin -0.7% -0.8% 0.1% 3.8%

Revenue and income statement

In 2023, POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION achieves revenue of 2.5 M€. Over the period 2016-2023, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +11.6%. Vs 2019, growth of +90% (1.3 M€ -> 2.5 M€). After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 2.5 M€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches -32 k€, representing -1.3% of revenue. Negative EBITDA means operations do not cover current expenses: concerning situation. Net income is negative at -16 k€ (-0.7% of revenue), which will impact equity.

Revenue (2023) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

2 487 766 €

Gross margin (2023) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

2 487 766 €

EBITDA (2023) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

-32 015 €

EBIT (2023) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

-17 911 €

Net income (2023) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

-16 498 €

EBITDA margin (2023) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

-1.3%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 190%. Critical situation: debt significantly exceeds equity, severely limiting borrowing capacity and exposing the company to default risk. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 8%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers).

Debt ratio (2023) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

189.906%

Financial autonomy (2023) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

7.769%

Cash flow / Revenue (2023) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

-1.246%

Repayment capacity (2023) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

-15.732

Asset age ratio (2023) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

31.5%

Solvency indicators evolution
POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
189.91 2023
2017
2019
2023
Q1: 0.0
Med: 3.62
Q3: 37.96
Watch

In 2023, the debt ratio of POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORM... (189.91) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A high ratio may indicate excessive dependence on external financing.

Financial autonomy
7.77% 2023
2017
2019
2023
Q1: 1.77%
Med: 30.93%
Q3: 61.22%
Average

In 2023, the financial autonomy of POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORM... (7.8%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Repayment capacity
-15.73 years 2023
2017
2019
2023
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.54 years
Excellent

In 2023, the repayment capacity of POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORM... (-15.73) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A short capacity reflects controlled debt and good cash generation.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 126.04. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.

Liquidity ratio (2023) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

126.039

Interest coverage (2023) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

-8.037

Liquidity indicators evolution
POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
126.04 2023
2017
2019
2023
Q1: 129.96
Med: 228.25
Q3: 426.41
Watch

In 2023, the liquidity ratio of POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORM... (126.04) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. A ratio below 1 may signal potential cash flow tensions.

Interest coverage
-8.04x 2023
2017
2019
2023
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.69x
Average

In 2023, the interest coverage of POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORM... (-8.0x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 173 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 551 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 378 days of the operating cycle (retail model). Inventory turnover is 52 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). Overall, WCR represents 276 days of revenue, i.e. 1.9 M€ to permanently finance. Over 2016-2023, WCR increased by +267%, requiring additional financing.

Operating WCR (2023) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

1 905 778 €

Customer credit (2023) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

173 j

Supplier credit (2023) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

551 j

Inventory turnover (2023) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

52 j

WCR in days of revenue (2023) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

276 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION

Positioning of POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION in its sector

Comparison with sector Formation continue d'adultes

Valuation estimate

Based on 134 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION is estimated at 889 224 € (range 296 678€ - 1 738 600€). The price/revenue ratio is 0.36x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2023
134 transactions
296k€ 889k€ 1738k€
889 224 € Range: 296 678€ - 1 738 600€
NAF 5 all-time

Valuation method used

Revenue Multiple
2 487 766 € × 0.36x = 889 224 €
Range: 296 679€ - 1 738 600€

Only this financial indicator is available for this company.

Valuation evolution

How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 134 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Formation continue d'adultes)

Compare POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION with other companies in the same sector:

Voir toutes les statistiques du secteur Formation continue d'adultes

Frequently asked questions about POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION

What is the revenue of POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION ?

The revenue of POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION in 2023 is 2.5 M€.

Is POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION profitable?

POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION recorded a net loss in 2023.

Where is the headquarters of POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION ?

The headquarters of POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION is located in TARNOS (40220), in the department Landes.

Where to find the tax return of POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION ?

The tax return of POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION operate?

POLE ETUDE RECHERCHE FORMATION operates in the sector Formation continue d'adultes (NAF code 85.59A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.