Employees: 02 (2023.0)Legal category: Société à responsabilité limitée (sans autre indication)Size: PMECreation date: 2002-04-18 (24 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Commerce de détail d'autres équipements du foyerLocation: NICE (06000), Alpes-Maritimes
PERSPECTIVES : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
PERSPECTIVES is a French company
founded 24 years ago,
specialized in the sector Commerce de détail d'autres équipements du foyer.
Based in NICE (06000),
this company of category PME
shows in 2019 a revenue of 447 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
Financial history - PERSPECTIVES (SIREN 441947306)
Indicator
2019
2017
2016
Revenue
446 855 €
475 105 €
475 824 €
Net income
23 952 €
18 279 €
19 060 €
EBITDA
28 088 €
17 856 €
30 773 €
Net margin
5.4%
3.8%
4.0%
Revenue and income statement
In 2019, PERSPECTIVES achieves revenue of 447 k€. Activity remains stable over the period (CAGR: -2.1%). Slight decline of -6% vs 2017. After deducting consumption (247 k€), gross margin stands at 200 k€, i.e. a rate of 45%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 28 k€, representing 6.3% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +2.5 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. The operating margin remains fragile, requiring cost vigilance. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 24 k€, i.e. 5.4% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2019)
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Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
446 855 €
Gross margin (2019)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
200 048 €
EBITDA (2019)
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Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
28 088 €
EBIT (2019)
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EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
27 515 €
Net income (2019)
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Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
23 952 €
EBITDA margin (2019)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
6.3%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
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Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
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Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 211%. Critical situation: debt significantly exceeds equity, severely limiting borrowing capacity and exposing the company to default risk. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 27%. The balance between equity and debt is satisfactory. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 1.9 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 5.7% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. Satisfactory level allowing partial financing of growth.
Debt ratio (2019)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
210.547%
Financial autonomy (2019)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
27.196%
Cash flow / Revenue (2019)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
5.731%
Repayment capacity (2019)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
1.91
Asset age ratio (2019)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2019
Debt ratio
387.812
129.848
210.547
Financial autonomy
57.945
16.624
27.196
Repayment capacity
2.993
3.167
1.91
Cash flow / Revenue
6.221%
4.426%
5.731%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
210.552019
2016
2017
2019
Q1: 0.14
Med: 23.66
Q3: 108.96
Average
In 2019, the debt ratio of PERSPECTIVES (210.55) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Financial autonomy
27.2%2019
2016
2017
2019
Q1: 8.33%
Med: 33.18%
Q3: 59.31%
Average-31 pts over 3 years
In 2019, the financial autonomy of PERSPECTIVES (27.2%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Repayment capacity
1.91 years2019
2016
2017
2019
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.17 years
Q3: 2.87 years
Average-9 pts over 3 years
In 2019, the repayment capacity of PERSPECTIVES (1.91) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 97.09. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 10.4x. Operating income very largely covers interest expenses: high safety margin.
Liquidity ratio (2019)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
97.093
Interest coverage (2019)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
10.375
Liquidity indicators evolution PERSPECTIVES
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2016
2017
2019
Liquidity ratio
108.376
98.969
97.093
Interest coverage
14.932
20.335
10.375
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
97.092019
2016
2017
2019
Q1: 119.35
Med: 187.19
Q3: 320.65
Watch-5 pts over 3 years
In 2019, the liquidity ratio of PERSPECTIVES (97.09) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. A ratio below 1 may signal potential cash flow tensions.
Interest coverage
10.38x2019
2016
2017
2019
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 3.24x
Excellent
In 2019, the interest coverage of PERSPECTIVES (10.4x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 82 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 22 days. The gap of 60 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Inventory turnover is 141 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). This high level ties up cash and potentially creates obsolescence risk. WCR is negative (-10 days): operations structurally generate cash. Notable WCR improvement over the period (-195%), freeing up cash.
Operating WCR (2019)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
-12 284 €
Customer credit (2019)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
82 j
Supplier credit (2019)
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Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
22 j
Inventory turnover (2019)
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Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
141 j
WCR in days of revenue (2019)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
-10 j
WCR and payment terms evolution PERSPECTIVES
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2019
Operating WCR
12 966 €
-3 212 €
-12 284 €
Inventory turnover (days)
50
110
141
Customer payment term (days)
91
63
82
Supplier payment term (days)
33
36
22
Positioning of PERSPECTIVES in its sector
Comparison with sector Commerce de détail d'autres équipements du foyer
Valuation estimate
Based on 93 transactions of similar company sales
in 2019,
the value of PERSPECTIVES is estimated at
100 364 €
(range 61 723€ - 183 878€).
With an EBITDA of 28 088€, the sector multiple of 3.4x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.20x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate. Medium reliability: estimate to be confirmed with in-depth analysis.
Estimated enterprise value2019
93 tx
61k€100k€183k€
100 364 €Range: 61 723€ - 183 878€
NAF 5 année 2019
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
28 088 €×3.4x
Estimation94 857 €
62 818€ - 184 357€
Revenue Multiple30%
446 855 €×0.20x
Estimation90 186 €
47 519€ - 148 917€
Net Income Multiple20%
23 952 €×5.4x
Estimation129 403 €
80 293€ - 235 125€
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 93 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Commerce de détail d'autres équipements du foyer)
Compare PERSPECTIVES with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, PERSPECTIVES generated a net profit of 24 k€ in 2019.
Where is the headquarters of PERSPECTIVES ?
The headquarters of PERSPECTIVES is located in NICE (06000), in the department Alpes-Maritimes.
Where to find the tax return of PERSPECTIVES ?
The tax return of PERSPECTIVES is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does PERSPECTIVES operate?
PERSPECTIVES operates in the sector Commerce de détail d'autres équipements du foyer (NAF code 47.59B). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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