Employees: NN (None)Legal category: SCA (commandite par actions)Size: PMECreation date: 2018-12-20 (7 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Activités spécialisées, scientifiques et techniques diversesLocation: PARIS (75012), Paris
PERSPECTIVE : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
PERSPECTIVE is a French company
founded 7 years ago,
specialized in the sector Activités spécialisées, scientifiques et techniques diverses.
Based in PARIS (75012),
this company of category PME
shows in 2025 a revenue of 257 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
In 2025, PERSPECTIVE achieves revenue of 257 k€. Revenue is declining over the period 2019-2025 (CAGR: -13.9%). Vs 2024: +4%. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 257 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 19 k€, representing 7.5% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +3.3 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. The operating margin remains fragile, requiring cost vigilance. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 10 k€, i.e. 4.0% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2025)
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Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
256 883 €
Gross margin (2025)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
256 883 €
EBITDA (2025)
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Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
19 313 €
EBIT (2025)
?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
10 703 €
Net income (2025)
?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
10 154 €
EBITDA margin (2025)
?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
7.5%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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%
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Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 117%. Debt level is high: negotiating margin with banks is reduced. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 14%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 3.3 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This ratio remains within usual banking standards. Cash flow represents 7.3% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. Satisfactory level allowing partial financing of growth.
Debt ratio (2025)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
116.888%
Financial autonomy (2025)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
13.617%
Cash flow / Revenue (2025)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
7.304%
Repayment capacity (2025)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
3.305
Solvency indicators evolution PERSPECTIVE
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Debt ratio
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.015
0.115
0.0
116.888
Financial autonomy
1.867
15.776
17.422
16.868
13.431
11.544
13.617
Repayment capacity
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.001
0.0
0.0
3.305
Cash flow / Revenue
1.132%
5.919%
7.292%
2.337%
1.254%
2.645%
7.304%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
116.892025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 0.0
Med: 5.56
Q3: 35.42
Watch+50 pts over 3 years
In 2025, the debt ratio of PERSPECTIVE (116.89) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A high ratio may indicate excessive dependence on external financing.
Financial autonomy
13.62%2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 10.79%
Med: 38.87%
Q3: 69.64%
Average-6 pts over 3 years
In 2025, the financial autonomy of PERSPECTIVE (13.6%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Repayment capacity
3.31 years2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.65 years
Watch+51 pts over 3 years
In 2025, the repayment capacity of PERSPECTIVE (3.31) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A long duration may signal heavy debt relative to repayment capacity.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 141.42. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 5.1x. Operating income very largely covers interest expenses: high safety margin.
Liquidity ratio (2025)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
141.423
Interest coverage (2025)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
5.069
Liquidity indicators evolution PERSPECTIVE
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Liquidity ratio
101.337
111.784
113.374
117.461
112.465
110.319
141.423
Interest coverage
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.37
4.15
16.279
5.069
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
141.422025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 149.75
Med: 276.24
Q3: 581.63
Watch
In 2025, the liquidity ratio of PERSPECTIVE (141.42) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. A ratio below 1 may signal potential cash flow tensions.
Interest coverage
5.07x2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 1.28x
Excellent
In 2025, the interest coverage of PERSPECTIVE (5.1x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 331 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 305 days. The company must finance 26 days of gap between collections and payments. Overall, WCR represents 479 days of revenue, i.e. 342 k€ to permanently finance. Notable WCR improvement over the period (-55%), freeing up cash.
Operating WCR (2025)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
342 081 €
Customer credit (2025)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
331 j
Supplier credit (2025)
?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
305 j
Inventory turnover (2025)
?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2025)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
479 j
WCR and payment terms evolution PERSPECTIVE
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Operating WCR
753 730 €
68 482 €
96 350 €
144 684 €
225 428 €
253 753 €
342 081 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
16
56
284
91
185
207
331
Supplier payment term (days)
360
193
357
309
335
321
305
Positioning of PERSPECTIVE in its sector
Comparison with sector Activités spécialisées, scientifiques et techniques diverses
Valuation estimate
Based on 98 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of PERSPECTIVE is estimated at
71 320 €
(range 19 518€ - 118 818€).
With an EBITDA of 19 313€, the sector multiple of 3.5x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.36x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate. Medium reliability: estimate to be confirmed with in-depth analysis.
Estimated enterprise value2025
98 tx
19k€71k€118k€
71 320 €Range: 19 518€ - 118 818€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
19 313 €×3.5x
Estimation66 905 €
16 671€ - 109 682€
Revenue Multiple30%
256 883 €×0.36x
Estimation93 373 €
30 661€ - 157 992€
Net Income Multiple20%
10 154 €×4.9x
Estimation49 283 €
9 923€ - 82 901€
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 98 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Activités spécialisées, scientifiques et techniques diverses)
Compare PERSPECTIVE with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, PERSPECTIVE generated a net profit of 10 k€ in 2025.
Where is the headquarters of PERSPECTIVE ?
The headquarters of PERSPECTIVE is located in PARIS (75012), in the department Paris.
Where to find the tax return of PERSPECTIVE ?
The tax return of PERSPECTIVE is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does PERSPECTIVE operate?
PERSPECTIVE operates in the sector Activités spécialisées, scientifiques et techniques diverses (NAF code 74.90B). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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