PAGAM : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
PAGAM is a French company
founded 37 years ago,
specialized in the sector Activités des sociétés holding.
Based in SAINT-JORIOZ (74410),
this company of category PME
shows in 2024 a revenue of 2.6 M€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
In 2024, PAGAM achieves revenue of 2.6 M€. Activity remains stable over the period (CAGR: -3.2%). Vs 2023: +7%. After deducting consumption (722 k€), gross margin stands at 1.9 M€, i.e. a rate of 73%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 165 k€, representing 6.3% of revenue. The operating margin remains fragile, requiring cost vigilance. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 182 k€, i.e. 6.9% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2024)
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Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
2 638 752 €
Gross margin (2024)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
1 917 215 €
EBITDA (2024)
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Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
165 182 €
EBIT (2024)
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EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
200 922 €
Net income (2024)
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Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
181 785 €
EBITDA margin (2024)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
6.3%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 25%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 18%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.3 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 5.5% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. Satisfactory level allowing partial financing of growth.
Debt ratio (2024)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
25.447%
Financial autonomy (2024)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
17.684%
Cash flow / Revenue (2024)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
5.465%
Repayment capacity (2024)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
0.35
Asset age ratio (2024)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Debt ratio
12.991
0.098
22.908
0.195
61.286
31.146
0.0
0.0
25.447
Financial autonomy
21.084
16.021
15.246
16.118
19.686
21.241
16.288
15.63
17.684
Repayment capacity
0.137
0.001
0.325
0.041
1.086
0.183
0.0
0.0
0.35
Cash flow / Revenue
8.204%
5.34%
3.946%
0.324%
5.477%
24.191%
3.175%
2.942%
5.465%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
25.452024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.01
Med: 8.77
Q3: 62.6
Average+33 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the debt ratio of PAGAM (25.45) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Financial autonomy
17.68%2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 15.71%
Med: 62.26%
Q3: 91.3%
Average
In 2024, the financial autonomy of PAGAM (17.7%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Repayment capacity
0.35 years2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.09 years
Q3: 3.07 years
Average+27 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the repayment capacity of PAGAM (0.35) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 164.76. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 0.2x. Danger: operating income does not cover interest charges, unsustainable situation.
Liquidity ratio (2024)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
164.759
Interest coverage (2024)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
0.179
Liquidity indicators evolution PAGAM
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Liquidity ratio
123.824
107.415
111.347
109.682
130.611
176.663
153.551
145.796
164.759
Interest coverage
0.865
0.655
1.517
2.415
0.194
0.338
0.0
0.002
0.179
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
164.762024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 138.65
Med: 681.09
Q3: 3914.52
Average
In 2024, the liquidity ratio of PAGAM (164.76) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Interest coverage
0.18x2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: -74.77x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.0x
Excellent+25 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the interest coverage of PAGAM (0.2x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 26 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 58 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 32 days of the operating cycle (retail model). Inventory turnover is 4 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). Fast turnover, sign of good inventory management. Overall, WCR represents 75 days of revenue, i.e. 549 k€ to permanently finance.
Operating WCR (2024)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
549 256 €
Customer credit (2024)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
26 j
Supplier credit (2024)
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Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
58 j
Inventory turnover (2024)
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Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
4 j
WCR in days of revenue (2024)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
75 j
WCR and payment terms evolution PAGAM
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Operating WCR
586 393 €
711 898 €
578 727 €
747 012 €
464 284 €
904 013 €
588 047 €
675 744 €
549 256 €
Inventory turnover (days)
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
5
4
Customer payment term (days)
76
65
65
77
97
154
39
47
26
Supplier payment term (days)
74
101
85
111
112
151
78
94
58
Positioning of PAGAM in its sector
Comparison with sector Activités des sociétés holding
Valuation estimate
Based on 54 transactions of similar company sales
in 2024,
the value of PAGAM is estimated at
918 564 €
(range 391 426€ - 1 513 898€).
With an EBITDA of 165 182€, the sector multiple of 4.8x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.59x
(in line with sector norms).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate. Medium reliability: estimate to be confirmed with in-depth analysis.
Estimated enterprise value2024
54 tx
391k€918k€1513k€
918 564 €Range: 391 426€ - 1 513 898€
NAF 5 année 2024
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
165 182 €×4.8x
Estimation798 795 €
135 216€ - 1 376 558€
Revenue Multiple30%
2 638 752 €×0.59x
Estimation1 553 622 €
966 550€ - 1 846 964€
Net Income Multiple20%
181 785 €×1.5x
Estimation265 399 €
169 267€ - 1 357 654€
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 54 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Activités des sociétés holding)
Compare PAGAM with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, PAGAM generated a net profit of 182 k€ in 2024.
Where is the headquarters of PAGAM ?
The headquarters of PAGAM is located in SAINT-JORIOZ (74410), in the department Haute-Savoie.
Where to find the tax return of PAGAM ?
The tax return of PAGAM is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does PAGAM operate?
PAGAM operates in the sector Activités des sociétés holding (NAF code 64.20Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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