PACEM SERVICES : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

In 2021, PACEM SERVICES achieves revenue of 81 k€. Revenue is declining over the period 2019-2021 (CAGR: -12.3%). Significant drop of -17% vs 2020. After deducting consumption (52 k€), gross margin stands at 29 k€, i.e. a rate of 36%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 17 k€, representing 21.2% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +10.8 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 15 k€, i.e. 18.2% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 2%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 2%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.1 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 20.6% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 6895.73. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 1.1x. Coverage is limited: any activity downturn would jeopardize interest payments.

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 59 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 3 days. The gap of 56 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Inventory turnover is 29 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). Fast turnover, sign of good inventory management. Overall, WCR represents 212 days of revenue, i.e. 48 k€ to permanently finance. Over 2019-2021, WCR increased by +101%, requiring additional financing.

Based on 185 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of PACEM SERVICES is estimated at 45 020 € (range 16 785€ - 98 236€). With an EBITDA of 17 130€, the sector multiple of 3.3x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.28x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.