Employees: NN (None)Legal category: Société à responsabilité limitée (sans autre indication)Size: PMECreation date: 2005-10-01 (20 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Édition de livresLocation: VULAINES-SUR-SEINE (77870), Seine-et-Marne
LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT is a French company
founded 20 years ago,
specialized in the sector Édition de livres.
Based in VULAINES-SUR-SEINE (77870),
this company of category PME
shows in 2021 a revenue of 90 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
Financial history - LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT (SIREN 484210539)
Indicator
2021
2019
2015
Revenue
90 225 €
115 310 €
62 417 €
Net income
9 431 €
31 448 €
9 136 €
EBITDA
27 755 €
-18 724 €
7 698 €
Net margin
10.5%
27.3%
14.6%
Revenue and income statement
In 2021, LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT achieves revenue of 90 k€. Over the period 2015-2021, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +6.3%. Significant drop of -22% vs 2019. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 90 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 28 k€, representing 30.8% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +47.0 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 9 k€, i.e. 10.5% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2021)
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Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
90 225 €
Gross margin (2021)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
90 225 €
EBITDA (2021)
?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
27 755 €
EBIT (2021)
?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
8 095 €
Net income (2021)
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Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
9 431 €
EBITDA margin (2021)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
24.7%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
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Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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%
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Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 8%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 78%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 1.6 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 10.2% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.
Debt ratio (2021)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
7.913%
Financial autonomy (2021)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
78.195%
Cash flow / Revenue (2021)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
10.199%
Repayment capacity (2021)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
1.621
Asset age ratio (2021)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Solvency indicators evolution LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2015
2019
2021
Debt ratio
38.386
11.114
7.913
Financial autonomy
48.131
67.065
78.195
Repayment capacity
3.903
-0.38
1.621
Cash flow / Revenue
9.817%
-35.886%
10.199%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
7.912021
2015
2019
2021
Q1: 0.0
Med: 4.75
Q3: 57.53
Average-19 pts over 3 years
In 2021, the debt ratio of LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT (7.91) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Financial autonomy
78.19%2021
2015
2019
2021
Q1: 2.4%
Med: 29.76%
Q3: 59.24%
Excellent+8 pts over 3 years
In 2021, the financial autonomy of LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT (78.2%) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. High autonomy reflects financial independence and ability to absorb shocks.
Repayment capacity
1.62 years2021
2015
2019
2021
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.62 years
Average
In 2021, the repayment capacity of LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT (1.62) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 563.38. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.
Liquidity ratio (2021)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
563.378
Interest coverage (2021)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
0.0
Liquidity indicators evolution LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2015
2019
2021
Liquidity ratio
274.184
0.0
563.378
Interest coverage
0.091
0.0
0.0
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
563.382021
2015
2019
2021
Q1: 137.31
Med: 229.68
Q3: 413.31
Excellent+10 pts over 3 years
In 2021, the liquidity ratio of LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT (563.38) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. A ratio above 1 ensures comfortable coverage of short-term maturities.
Interest coverage
0.0x2021
2015
2019
2021
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.29x
Average-50 pts over 3 years
In 2021, the interest coverage of LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT (0.0x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 82 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 97 days. Favorable situation: supplier credit is longer than customer credit by 15 days. Inventory turnover is 608 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). This high level ties up cash and potentially creates obsolescence risk. Overall, WCR represents 502 days of revenue, i.e. 126 k€ to permanently finance.
Operating WCR (2021)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
125 894 €
Customer credit (2021)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
82 j
Supplier credit (2021)
?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
97 j
Inventory turnover (2021)
?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
608 j
WCR in days of revenue (2021)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
502 j
WCR and payment terms evolution LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2015
2019
2021
Operating WCR
108 621 €
-31 508 €
125 894 €
Inventory turnover (days)
611
0
608
Customer payment term (days)
98
0
82
Supplier payment term (days)
219
120
97
Positioning of LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT in its sector
Comparison with sector Édition de livres
Valuation estimate
Based on 104 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT is estimated at
30 876 €
(range 13 486€ - 93 569€).
With an EBITDA of 27 755€, the sector multiple of 1.1x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.24x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2021
104 transactions
13k€30k€93k€
30 876 €Range: 13 486€ - 93 569€
NAF 4 all-time
Aggregated at NAF sub-class level
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
27 755 €×1.1x
Estimation31 862 €
16 420€ - 130 771€
Revenue Multiple30%
90 225 €×0.24x
Estimation22 028 €
10 873€ - 41 383€
Net Income Multiple20%
9 431 €×4.4x
Estimation41 687 €
10 073€ - 78 842€
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 104 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Édition de livres)
Compare LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT with other companies in the same sector:
Frequently asked questions about LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT
What is the revenue of LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT ?
The revenue of LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT in 2021 is 90 k€.
Is LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT profitable?
Yes, LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT generated a net profit of 9 k€ in 2021.
Where is the headquarters of LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT ?
The headquarters of LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT is located in VULAINES-SUR-SEINE (77870), in the department Seine-et-Marne.
Where to find the tax return of LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT ?
The tax return of LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT operate?
LES EDITIONS DU CROQUANT operates in the sector Édition de livres (NAF code 58.11Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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