LES CLES DE LA FORMATION : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
LES CLES DE LA FORMATION is a French company
founded 17 years ago,
specialized in the sector Formation continue d'adultes.
Based in LA CIOTAT (13600),
this company of category PME
shows in 2021 a revenue of 823 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
Financial history - LES CLES DE LA FORMATION (SIREN 512204223)
Indicator
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2017
2016
Revenue
N/C
N/C
823 428 €
707 774 €
609 558 €
777 075 €
689 624 €
Net income
100 683 €
20 444 €
130 756 €
59 415 €
-80 670 €
-57 620 €
10 012 €
EBITDA
N/C
N/C
84 463 €
-28 131 €
-84 694 €
-25 577 €
29 444 €
Net margin
N/C
N/C
15.9%
8.4%
-13.2%
-7.4%
1.5%
Revenue and income statement
In 2023, LES CLES DE LA FORMATION generates positive net income of 101 k€. Net income represents the final profit after all expenses (operating, financial, exceptional) and corporate tax. Change over 2016-2023: 10 k€ -> 101 k€.
Net income (2023)
?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
100 683 €
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Item
Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 31%. Debt remains under control: the company retains capacity to raise new debt if needed. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 39%. The balance between equity and debt is satisfactory.
Debt ratio (2023)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
30.641%
Financial autonomy (2023)
?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
38.702%
Asset age ratio (2023)
?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Solvency indicators evolution LES CLES DE LA FORMATION
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Debt ratio
138.662
887.737
-113.017
-266.98
24.416
4.42
30.641
Financial autonomy
14.785
2.9
-15.53
-3.89
26.039
32.316
38.702
Repayment capacity
4.501
-2.305
-1.021
-1.999
0.35
None
None
Cash flow / Revenue
3.345%
-8.557%
-14.323%
-3.618%
9.433%
None%
None%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
30.642023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0
Med: 3.62
Q3: 37.96
Average+12 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the debt ratio of LES CLES DE LA FORMATION (30.64) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Financial autonomy
38.7%2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 1.77%
Med: 30.93%
Q3: 61.22%
Good+10 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the financial autonomy of LES CLES DE LA FORMATION (38.7%) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Repayment capacity
0.35 years2021
2021
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.96 years
Average
In 2021, the repayment capacity of LES CLES DE LA FORMATION (0.35) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 133.94. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.
Liquidity ratio (2023)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
133.935
Liquidity indicators evolution LES CLES DE LA FORMATION
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2016
2017
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Liquidity ratio
112.546
106.479
90.532
97.264
138.665
114.304
133.935
Interest coverage
7.363
-17.469
-6.028
-4.589
1.478
None
None
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
133.942023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 129.96
Med: 228.25
Q3: 426.41
Average
In 2023, the liquidity ratio of LES CLES DE LA FORMATION (133.94) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Interest coverage
1.48x2021
2021
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.47x
Excellent
In 2021, the interest coverage of LES CLES DE LA FORMATION (1.5x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments.
Operating WCR (2023)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
0 €
Customer credit (2023)
?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
0 j
Supplier credit (2023)
?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
0 j
Inventory turnover (2023)
?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR and payment terms evolution LES CLES DE LA FORMATION
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Operating WCR
245 775 €
173 047 €
176 754 €
170 658 €
39 969 €
0 €
0 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
4
2
1
0
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
157
161
197
154
71
0
0
Supplier payment term (days)
147
89
151
130
34
0
0
Positioning of LES CLES DE LA FORMATION in its sector
Comparison with sector Formation continue d'adultes
Valuation estimate
Based on 134 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of LES CLES DE LA FORMATION is estimated at
295 701 €
(range 110 320€ - 1 599 158€).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2023
134 transactions
110k€295k€1599k€
295 701 €Range: 110 320€ - 1 599 158€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation method used
Net Income Multiple
100 683 €
×
2.9x
=295 702 €
Range: 110 320€ - 1 599 158€
Only this financial indicator is available for this company.
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 134 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Formation continue d'adultes)
Compare LES CLES DE LA FORMATION with other companies in the same sector:
Frequently asked questions about LES CLES DE LA FORMATION
What is the revenue of LES CLES DE LA FORMATION ?
The revenue of LES CLES DE LA FORMATION in 2021 is 823 k€.
Is LES CLES DE LA FORMATION profitable?
Yes, LES CLES DE LA FORMATION generated a net profit of 101 k€ in 2023.
Where is the headquarters of LES CLES DE LA FORMATION ?
The headquarters of LES CLES DE LA FORMATION is located in LA CIOTAT (13600), in the department Bouches-du-Rhone.
Where to find the tax return of LES CLES DE LA FORMATION ?
The tax return of LES CLES DE LA FORMATION is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does LES CLES DE LA FORMATION operate?
LES CLES DE LA FORMATION operates in the sector Formation continue d'adultes (NAF code 85.59A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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