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LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS is a French company founded 15 years ago, specialized in the sector Agences immobilières. Based in ORLEANS (45000), this company of category PME shows in 2017 a revenue of 409 k€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-04-18

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS (SIREN 529635716)
Indicator 2017 2016
Revenue 409 026 € N/C
Net income 25 901 € 39 320 €
EBITDA 32 587 € N/C
Net margin 6.3% N/C

Revenue and income statement

In 2017, LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS achieves revenue of 409 k€. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 409 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 33 k€, representing 8.0% of revenue. The operating margin remains fragile, requiring cost vigilance. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 26 k€, i.e. 6.3% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2017) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

409 026 €

Gross margin (2017) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

409 026 €

EBITDA (2017) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

32 587 €

EBIT (2017) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

33 057 €

Net income (2017) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

25 901 €

EBITDA margin (2017) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

8.0%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 19%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 23%. The balance between equity and debt is satisfactory. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.5 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 8.1% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. Satisfactory level allowing partial financing of growth.

Debt ratio (2017) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

19.021%

Financial autonomy (2017) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

22.752%

Cash flow / Revenue (2017) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

8.061%

Repayment capacity (2017) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

0.524

Asset age ratio (2017) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

53.5%

Solvency indicators evolution
LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
19.02 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 0.0
Med: 9.57
Q3: 63.73
Average -21 pts over 2 years

In 2017, the debt ratio of LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS (19.02) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Financial autonomy
22.75% 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 6.08%
Med: 30.31%
Q3: 58.98%
Average

In 2017, the financial autonomy of LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS (22.8%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Repayment capacity
0.52 years 2017
2017
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.02 years
Q3: 1.24 years
Average

In 2017, the repayment capacity of LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS (0.52) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 112.03. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 3.2x. Financial charges are adequately covered by operations.

Liquidity ratio (2017) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

112.033

Interest coverage (2017) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

3.198

Liquidity indicators evolution
LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
112.03 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 105.1
Med: 167.3
Q3: 350.16
Average -26 pts over 2 years

In 2017, the liquidity ratio of LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS (112.03) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Interest coverage
3.2x 2017
2017
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 1.56x
Excellent

In 2017, the interest coverage of LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS (3.2x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 6 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 22 days. Favorable situation: supplier credit is longer than customer credit by 16 days. WCR is negative (-175 days): operations structurally generate cash.

Operating WCR (2017) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

-198 533 €

Customer credit (2017) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

6 j

Supplier credit (2017) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

22 j

Inventory turnover (2017) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2017) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

-175 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS

Positioning of LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS in its sector

Comparison with sector Agences immobilières

Valuation estimate

Based on 81 transactions of similar company sales in 2017, the value of LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS is estimated at 103 881 € (range 34 808€ - 228 589€). With an EBITDA of 32 587€, the sector multiple of 2.3x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.44x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Medium reliability: estimate to be confirmed with in-depth analysis.

Estimated enterprise value 2017
81 tx
34k€ 103k€ 228k€
103 881 € Range: 34 808€ - 228 589€
NAF 5 année 2017

Valuation detail by method

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EBITDA Multiple 50%
32 587 € × 2.3x
Estimation 76 200 €
18 296€ - 170 843€
Revenue Multiple 30%
409 026 € × 0.44x
Estimation 179 299 €
70 411€ - 296 343€
Net Income Multiple 20%
25 901 € × 2.3x
Estimation 59 959 €
22 686€ - 271 327€

Valuation evolution

How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 81 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Agences immobilières)

Compare LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS

What is the revenue of LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS ?

The revenue of LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS in 2017 is 409 k€.

Is LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS profitable?

Yes, LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS generated a net profit of 26 k€ in 2017.

Where is the headquarters of LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS ?

The headquarters of LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS is located in ORLEANS (45000), in the department Loiret.

Where to find the tax return of LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS ?

The tax return of LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS operate?

LES CLEFS D'ORLEANS operates in the sector Agences immobilières (NAF code 68.31Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.