Employees: 01 (2023.0)Legal category: SCA (commandite par actions)Size: PMECreation date: 2016-06-22 (9 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Édition de livresLocation: PARIS (75016), Paris
LEGEND EDITIONS : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
LEGEND EDITIONS is a French company
founded 9 years ago,
specialized in the sector Édition de livres.
Based in PARIS (75016),
this company of category PME
shows in 2021 a revenue of 169 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
Financial history - LEGEND EDITIONS (SIREN 821372927)
Indicator
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
Revenue
168 870 €
204 008 €
98 841 €
152 680 €
186 792 €
Net income
69 755 €
83 631 €
34 797 €
67 613 €
4 578 €
EBITDA
93 747 €
114 482 €
42 671 €
87 223 €
5 335 €
Net margin
41.3%
41.0%
35.2%
44.3%
2.5%
Revenue and income statement
In 2021, LEGEND EDITIONS achieves revenue of 169 k€. Activity remains stable over the period (CAGR: -2.5%). Significant drop of -17% vs 2020. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 169 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 94 k€, representing 55.5% of revenue. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 70 k€, i.e. 41.3% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2021)
?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
168 870 €
Gross margin (2021)
?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
168 870 €
EBITDA (2021)
?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
93 747 €
EBIT (2021)
?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
89 950 €
Net income (2021)
?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
69 755 €
EBITDA margin (2021)
?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
55.5%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
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Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 61%. Debt remains under control: the company retains capacity to raise new debt if needed. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 54%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.8 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 43.4% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.
Debt ratio (2021)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
61.477%
Financial autonomy (2021)
?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
54.11%
Cash flow / Revenue (2021)
?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
43.441%
Repayment capacity (2021)
?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
0.791
Asset age ratio (2021)
?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Debt ratio
152.169
1.149
31.143
36.045
61.477
Financial autonomy
23.124
69.599
66.755
61.537
54.11
Repayment capacity
1.794
0.012
0.511
0.447
0.791
Cash flow / Revenue
2.533%
44.421%
35.745%
42.563%
43.441%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
61.482021
2019
2020
2021
Q1: 0.0
Med: 4.75
Q3: 57.53
Average+10 pts over 3 years
In 2021, the debt ratio of LEGEND EDITIONS (61.48) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Financial autonomy
54.11%2021
2019
2020
2021
Q1: 2.4%
Med: 29.76%
Q3: 59.24%
Good
In 2021, the financial autonomy of LEGEND EDITIONS (54.1%) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Repayment capacity
0.79 years2021
2019
2020
2021
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.62 years
Average
In 2021, the repayment capacity of LEGEND EDITIONS (0.79) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 742.00. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.
Liquidity ratio (2021)
?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
742.005
Interest coverage (2021)
?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
0.0
Liquidity indicators evolution LEGEND EDITIONS
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Liquidity ratio
235.451
321.942
751.932
568.322
742.005
Interest coverage
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.362
0.0
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
742.02021
2019
2020
2021
Q1: 137.31
Med: 229.68
Q3: 413.31
Excellent
In 2021, the liquidity ratio of LEGEND EDITIONS (742.00) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. A ratio above 1 ensures comfortable coverage of short-term maturities.
Interest coverage
0.0x2021
2019
2020
2021
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.29x
Average-50 pts over 3 years
In 2021, the interest coverage of LEGEND EDITIONS (0.0x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 68 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 29 days. The gap of 39 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Overall, WCR represents 56 days of revenue, i.e. 26 k€ to permanently finance. Over 2017-2021, WCR increased by +191%, requiring additional financing.
Operating WCR (2021)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
26 416 €
Customer credit (2021)
?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
68 j
Supplier credit (2021)
?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
29 j
Inventory turnover (2021)
?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2021)
?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
56 j
WCR and payment terms evolution LEGEND EDITIONS
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Operating WCR
9 063 €
33 278 €
24 686 €
-17 469 €
26 416 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
0
0
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
17
118
74
8
68
Supplier payment term (days)
11
15
17
21
29
Positioning of LEGEND EDITIONS in its sector
Comparison with sector Édition de livres
Valuation estimate
Based on 104 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of LEGEND EDITIONS is estimated at
127 844 €
(range 48 737€ - 360 716€).
With an EBITDA of 93 747€, the sector multiple of 1.1x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.24x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2021
104 transactions
48k€127k€360k€
127 844 €Range: 48 737€ - 360 716€
NAF 4 all-time
Aggregated at NAF sub-class level
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
93 747 €×1.1x
Estimation107 620 €
55 462€ - 441 702€
Revenue Multiple30%
168 870 €×0.24x
Estimation41 229 €
20 351€ - 77 455€
Net Income Multiple20%
69 755 €×4.4x
Estimation308 328 €
74 504€ - 583 146€
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 104 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Édition de livres)
Compare LEGEND EDITIONS with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, LEGEND EDITIONS generated a net profit of 70 k€ in 2021.
Where is the headquarters of LEGEND EDITIONS ?
The headquarters of LEGEND EDITIONS is located in PARIS (75016), in the department Paris.
Where to find the tax return of LEGEND EDITIONS ?
The tax return of LEGEND EDITIONS is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does LEGEND EDITIONS operate?
LEGEND EDITIONS operates in the sector Édition de livres (NAF code 58.11Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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