LANGUAGES DEVELOPMENT SOCIETY : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

In 2024, LANGUAGES DEVELOPMENT SOCIETY achieves revenue of 2.0 M€. Revenue is growing positively over 7 years (CAGR: +4.6%). Vs 2023, growth of +20% (1.7 M€ -> 2.0 M€). After deducting consumption (3 k€), gross margin stands at 2.0 M€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 351 k€, representing 17.6% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +4.9 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 263 k€, i.e. 13.1% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 20%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 40%. The balance between equity and debt is satisfactory. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.4 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 13.9% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 372.22. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 0.6x. Danger: operating income does not cover interest charges, unsustainable situation.

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 38 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 23 days. The company must finance 15 days of gap between collections and payments. Inventory turnover is 15 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). Fast turnover, sign of good inventory management. WCR is negative (-38 days): operations structurally generate cash. Notable WCR improvement over the period (-197%), freeing up cash.

Based on 134 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of LANGUAGES DEVELOPMENT SOCIETY is estimated at 749 600 € (range 267 123€ - 2 244 041€). With an EBITDA of 351 463€, the sector multiple of 2.2x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.36x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.