Employees: 02 (2023.0)Legal category: SCA (commandite par actions)Size: PMECreation date: 2011-11-15 (14 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Études de marché et sondagesLocation: PARIS (75008), Paris
KOS RESEARCH : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
KOS RESEARCH is a French company
founded 14 years ago,
specialized in the sector Études de marché et sondages.
Based in PARIS (75008),
this company of category PME
shows in 2020 a revenue of 342 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
Financial history - KOS RESEARCH (SIREN 538224262)
Indicator
2020
2018
2016
Revenue
341 513 €
747 837 €
841 382 €
Net income
-229 461 €
-106 491 €
149 647 €
EBITDA
-226 034 €
-40 306 €
171 897 €
Net margin
-67.2%
-14.2%
17.8%
Revenue and income statement
In 2020, KOS RESEARCH achieves revenue of 342 k€. Revenue is declining over the period 2016-2020 (CAGR: -20.2%). Significant drop of -54% vs 2018. After deducting consumption (623 €), gross margin stands at 341 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches -226 k€, representing -66.2% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (-54%), EBITDA varies by -461%, reducing margin by 60.8 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. Negative EBITDA means operations do not cover current expenses: concerning situation. Net income is negative at -229 k€ (-67.2% of revenue), which will impact equity.
Revenue (2020)
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Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
341 513 €
Gross margin (2020)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
340 890 €
EBITDA (2020)
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Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
-226 034 €
EBIT (2020)
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EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
-228 703 €
Net income (2020)
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Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
-229 461 €
EBITDA margin (2020)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
-66.2%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at -0%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches -7%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers).
Debt ratio (2020)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
-0.024%
Financial autonomy (2020)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
-7.265%
Cash flow / Revenue (2020)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
-66.483%
Repayment capacity (2020)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
0.0
Asset age ratio (2020)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2018
2020
Debt ratio
0.0
0.001
-0.024
Financial autonomy
64.896
63.879
-7.265
Repayment capacity
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cash flow / Revenue
17.875%
-13.814%
-66.483%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
-0.022020
2016
2018
2020
Q1: 0.0
Med: 3.62
Q3: 55.31
Excellent
In 2020, the debt ratio of KOS RESEARCH (-0.02) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A low ratio indicates a solid financial structure with little dependence on creditors.
Financial autonomy
-7.26%2020
2016
2018
2020
Q1: 7.46%
Med: 33.5%
Q3: 55.43%
Watch-50 pts over 3 years
In 2020, the financial autonomy of KOS RESEARCH (-7.3%) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. Low autonomy may limit investment capacity and increase vulnerability.
Repayment capacity
0.0 years2020
2016
2018
2020
Q1: -0.05 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.58 years
Good+25 pts over 3 years
In 2020, the repayment capacity of KOS RESEARCH (0.00) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. This controlled position reflects prudent management.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 89.36. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.
Liquidity ratio (2020)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
89.355
Interest coverage (2020)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
-0.335
Liquidity indicators evolution KOS RESEARCH
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2016
2018
2020
Liquidity ratio
348.404
275.5
89.355
Interest coverage
0.0
-0.079
-0.335
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
89.362020
2016
2018
2020
Q1: 130.87
Med: 208.04
Q3: 368.29
Watch-56 pts over 3 years
In 2020, the liquidity ratio of KOS RESEARCH (89.36) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. A ratio below 1 may signal potential cash flow tensions.
Interest coverage
-0.34x2020
2016
2018
2020
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.43x
Average
In 2020, the interest coverage of KOS RESEARCH (-0.3x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 73 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 247 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 174 days of the operating cycle (retail model). Overall, WCR represents 126 days of revenue, i.e. 119 k€ to permanently finance. Over 2016-2020, WCR increased by +44%, requiring additional financing.
Operating WCR (2020)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
119 431 €
Customer credit (2020)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
73 j
Supplier credit (2020)
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Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
247 j
Inventory turnover (2020)
?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2020)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
126 j
WCR and payment terms evolution KOS RESEARCH
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2018
2020
Operating WCR
82 868 €
367 547 €
119 431 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
90
140
73
Supplier payment term (days)
96
94
247
Positioning of KOS RESEARCH in its sector
Comparison with sector Études de marché et sondages
Valuation estimate
Based on 107 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of KOS RESEARCH is estimated at
77 159 €
(range 31 770€ - 134 192€).
The price/revenue ratio is 0.23x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2020
107 transactions
31k€77k€134k€
77 159 €Range: 31 770€ - 134 192€
Section all-time
Aggregated at NAF section level
Valuation method used
Revenue Multiple
341 513 €
×
0.23x
=77 160 €
Range: 31 771€ - 134 193€
Only this financial indicator is available for this company.
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 107 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Études de marché et sondages)
Compare KOS RESEARCH with other companies in the same sector:
The headquarters of KOS RESEARCH is located in PARIS (75008), in the department Paris.
Where to find the tax return of KOS RESEARCH ?
The tax return of KOS RESEARCH is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does KOS RESEARCH operate?
KOS RESEARCH operates in the sector Études de marché et sondages (NAF code 73.20Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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