KLS DIFFUSION : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

KLS DIFFUSION is a French company founded 22 years ago, specialized in the sector Édition de livres. Based in CORMEILLES-EN-PARISIS (95240), this company of category PME shows in 2023 a revenue of 1.1 M€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-09

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - KLS DIFFUSION (SIREN 451679187)
Indicator 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018
Revenue 1 061 240 € 1 191 632 € 1 360 734 € 1 035 280 € 930 625 € 1 060 029 €
Net income 44 272 € 20 473 € 89 354 € 36 520 € 12 551 € 62 041 €
EBITDA 22 575 € 83 077 € 208 716 € 116 763 € 247 492 € 131 803 €
Net margin 4.2% 1.7% 6.6% 3.5% 1.3% 5.9%

Revenue and income statement

In 2023, KLS DIFFUSION achieves revenue of 1.1 M€. Revenue is growing positively over 6 years (CAGR: +0.0%). Significant drop of -11% vs 2022. After deducting consumption (679 k€), gross margin stands at 383 k€, i.e. a rate of 36%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 23 k€, representing 2.1% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (-11%), EBITDA varies by -73%, reducing margin by 4.8 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. The operating margin remains fragile, requiring cost vigilance. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 44 k€, i.e. 4.2% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2023) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

1 061 240 €

Gross margin (2023) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

382 523 €

EBITDA (2023) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

22 575 €

EBIT (2023) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

11 898 €

Net income (2023) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

44 272 €

EBITDA margin (2023) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

2.1%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 41%. Debt remains under control: the company retains capacity to raise new debt if needed. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 41%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 14.9 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. Beyond 7 years, banks generally consider credit risk as high. Cash flow represents 1.2% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment.

Debt ratio (2023) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

41.1%

Financial autonomy (2023) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

41.135%

Cash flow / Revenue (2023) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

1.21%

Repayment capacity (2023) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

14.901

Asset age ratio (2023) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

68.7%

Solvency indicators evolution
KLS DIFFUSION

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
41.1 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0
Med: 0.92
Q3: 37.35
Average +16 pts over 3 years

In 2023, the debt ratio of KLS DIFFUSION (41.10) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Financial autonomy
41.13% 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.28%
Med: 24.95%
Q3: 56.79%
Good +13 pts over 3 years

In 2023, the financial autonomy of KLS DIFFUSION (41.1%) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Repayment capacity
14.9 years 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: -0.01 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.15 years
Watch

In 2023, the repayment capacity of KLS DIFFUSION (14.90) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A long duration may signal heavy debt relative to repayment capacity.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 218.46. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 10.3x. Operating income very largely covers interest expenses: high safety margin.

Liquidity ratio (2023) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

218.455

Interest coverage (2023) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

10.295

Liquidity indicators evolution
KLS DIFFUSION

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
218.46 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 143.99
Med: 239.01
Q3: 486.48
Average +15 pts over 3 years

In 2023, the liquidity ratio of KLS DIFFUSION (218.46) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Interest coverage
10.29x 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.64x
Excellent

In 2023, the interest coverage of KLS DIFFUSION (10.3x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 146 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 97 days. The gap of 49 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Inventory turnover is 164 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). This high level ties up cash and potentially creates obsolescence risk. Overall, WCR represents 276 days of revenue, i.e. 813 k€ to permanently finance. Over 2018-2023, WCR increased by +23%, requiring additional financing.

Operating WCR (2023) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

813 377 €

Customer credit (2023) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

146 j

Supplier credit (2023) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

97 j

Inventory turnover (2023) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

164 j

WCR in days of revenue (2023) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

276 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
KLS DIFFUSION

Positioning of KLS DIFFUSION in its sector

Comparison with sector Édition de livres

Valuation estimate

Based on 104 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of KLS DIFFUSION is estimated at 129 824 € (range 54 502€ - 273 231€). With an EBITDA of 22 575€, the sector multiple of 1.1x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.24x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2023
104 transactions
54k€ 129k€ 273k€
129 824 € Range: 54 502€ - 273 231€
NAF 4 all-time Aggregated at NAF sub-class level

Valuation detail by method

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EBITDA Multiple 50%
22 575 € × 1.1x
Estimation 25 916 €
13 356€ - 106 365€
Revenue Multiple 30%
1 061 240 € × 0.24x
Estimation 259 097 €
127 893€ - 486 758€
Net Income Multiple 20%
44 272 € × 4.4x
Estimation 195 689 €
47 286€ - 370 110€
How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 104 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Édition de livres)

Compare KLS DIFFUSION with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about KLS DIFFUSION

What is the revenue of KLS DIFFUSION ?

The revenue of KLS DIFFUSION in 2023 is 1.1 M€.

Is KLS DIFFUSION profitable?

Yes, KLS DIFFUSION generated a net profit of 44 k€ in 2023.

Where is the headquarters of KLS DIFFUSION ?

The headquarters of KLS DIFFUSION is located in CORMEILLES-EN-PARISIS (95240), in the department Val-d'Oise.

Where to find the tax return of KLS DIFFUSION ?

The tax return of KLS DIFFUSION is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does KLS DIFFUSION operate?

KLS DIFFUSION operates in the sector Édition de livres (NAF code 58.11Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.