Employees: 12 (2023.0)Legal category: SA (autres)Size: ETICreation date: 1986-12-22 (39 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Programmation informatiqueLocation: LE PLESSIS ROBINSON (92350), Hauts-de-Seine
KLEE : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
KLEE is a French company
founded 39 years ago,
specialized in the sector Programmation informatique.
Based in LE PLESSIS ROBINSON (92350),
this company of category ETI
shows in 2024 a revenue of 8.8 M€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
In 2024, KLEE achieves revenue of 8.8 M€. Over the period 2016-2024, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +8.5%. Vs 2023, growth of +17% (7.5 M€ -> 8.8 M€). After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 8.8 M€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 663 k€, representing 7.5% of revenue. The operating margin remains fragile, requiring cost vigilance. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 1.1 M€, i.e. 12.3% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2024)
?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
8 807 732 €
Gross margin (2024)
?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
8 807 732 €
EBITDA (2024)
?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
663 063 €
EBIT (2024)
?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
191 390 €
Net income (2024)
?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
1 080 741 €
EBITDA margin (2024)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
7.5%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 0%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 91%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.0 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 10.7% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.
Debt ratio (2024)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
0.053%
Financial autonomy (2024)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
90.906%
Cash flow / Revenue (2024)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
10.737%
Repayment capacity (2024)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
0.027
Asset age ratio (2024)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Debt ratio
6.906
4.848
3.883
2.015
2.151
0.233
0.246
0.156
0.053
Financial autonomy
85.174
84.743
79.283
87.231
85.774
97.374
96.85
94.648
90.906
Repayment capacity
0.733
0.505
0.561
0.13
0.503
0.019
0.228
0.113
0.027
Cash flow / Revenue
26.331%
23.526%
16.913%
40.687%
10.037%
137.694%
8.785%
9.024%
10.737%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
0.052024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0
Med: 3.36
Q3: 42.51
Good
In 2024, the debt ratio of KLEE (0.05) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. This controlled position reflects prudent management.
Financial autonomy
90.91%2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 3.88%
Med: 34.74%
Q3: 63.98%
Excellent
In 2024, the financial autonomy of KLEE (90.9%) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. High autonomy reflects financial independence and ability to absorb shocks.
Repayment capacity
0.03 years2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.39 years
Average-6 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the repayment capacity of KLEE (0.03) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 812.15. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 0.1x. Danger: operating income does not cover interest charges, unsustainable situation.
Liquidity ratio (2024)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
812.154
Interest coverage (2024)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
0.103
Liquidity indicators evolution KLEE
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Liquidity ratio
342.539
298.517
191.782
359.387
339.715
3443.06
2398.747
0.0
812.154
Interest coverage
1.431
1.383
222.717
94.365
59.116
-1.586
452.275
409.775
0.103
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
812.152024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 132.21
Med: 250.32
Q3: 499.26
Excellent
In 2024, the liquidity ratio of KLEE (812.15) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. A ratio above 1 ensures comfortable coverage of short-term maturities.
Interest coverage
0.1x2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.47x
Good-20 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the interest coverage of KLEE (0.1x) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 468 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 70 days. The gap of 398 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Overall, WCR represents 891 days of revenue, i.e. 21.8 M€ to permanently finance. Over 2016-2024, WCR increased by +2128%, requiring additional financing.
Operating WCR (2024)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
21 809 001 €
Customer credit (2024)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
468 j
Supplier credit (2024)
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Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
70 j
Inventory turnover (2024)
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Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2024)
?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
891 j
WCR and payment terms evolution KLEE
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Operating WCR
978 799 €
2 075 803 €
1 426 805 €
950 429 €
1 081 572 €
2 637 322 €
5 793 770 €
-28 419 048 €
21 809 001 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
60
55
67
61
65
73
97
147
468
Supplier payment term (days)
35
9
23
5
18
12
39
58
70
Positioning of KLEE in its sector
Comparison with sector Programmation informatique
Valuation estimate
Based on 120 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of KLEE is estimated at
1 920 162 €
(range 927 488€ - 5 068 145€).
With an EBITDA of 663 063€, the sector multiple of 2.2x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.27x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2024
120 transactions
927k€1920k€5068k€
1 920 162 €Range: 927 488€ - 5 068 145€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
663 063 €×2.2x
Estimation1 474 471 €
639 810€ - 4 056 069€
Revenue Multiple30%
8 807 732 €×0.27x
Estimation2 392 250 €
1 352 307€ - 5 850 661€
Net Income Multiple20%
1 080 741 €×2.2x
Estimation2 326 259 €
1 009 458€ - 6 424 561€
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 120 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Programmation informatique)
Compare KLEE with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, KLEE generated a net profit of 1.1 M€ in 2024.
Where is the headquarters of KLEE ?
The headquarters of KLEE is located in LE PLESSIS ROBINSON (92350), in the department Hauts-de-Seine.
Where to find the tax return of KLEE ?
The tax return of KLEE is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does KLEE operate?
KLEE operates in the sector Programmation informatique (NAF code 62.01Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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