Employees: 03 (2023.0)Legal category: SCA (commandite par actions)Size: PMECreation date: 1996-11-01 (29 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Conseil en systèmes et logiciels informatiquesLocation: FONTAINEBLEAU (77300), Seine-et-Marne
KERNEL SOFTWARE : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
KERNEL SOFTWARE is a French company
founded 29 years ago,
specialized in the sector Conseil en systèmes et logiciels informatiques.
Based in FONTAINEBLEAU (77300),
this company of category PME
shows in 2024 a revenue of 1.9 M€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
Financial history - KERNEL SOFTWARE (SIREN 410415996)
Indicator
2024
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
Revenue
1 931 204 €
1 472 850 €
1 324 490 €
1 318 330 €
1 480 892 €
1 727 148 €
1 570 649 €
1 205 176 €
1 268 147 €
Net income
1 073 272 €
765 623 €
589 517 €
443 017 €
387 018 €
744 413 €
646 613 €
419 932 €
409 654 €
EBITDA
1 318 752 €
912 501 €
766 066 €
630 059 €
728 579 €
989 893 €
822 420 €
483 120 €
466 712 €
Net margin
55.6%
52.0%
44.5%
33.6%
26.1%
43.1%
41.2%
34.8%
32.3%
Revenue and income statement
In 2024, KERNEL SOFTWARE achieves revenue of 1.9 M€. Over the period 2016-2024, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +5.4%. Vs 2023, growth of +31% (1.5 M€ -> 1.9 M€). After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 1.9 M€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 1.3 M€, representing 68.3% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +6.3 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 1.1 M€, i.e. 55.6% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2024)
?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
1 931 204 €
Gross margin (2024)
?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
1 931 204 €
EBITDA (2024)
?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
1 318 752 €
EBIT (2024)
?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
1 292 981 €
Net income (2024)
?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
1 073 272 €
EBITDA margin (2024)
?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
68.3%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Item
Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 0%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 76%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Cash flow represents 56.9% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.
Debt ratio (2024)
?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
0.02%
Financial autonomy (2024)
?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
75.846%
Cash flow / Revenue (2024)
?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
56.904%
Repayment capacity (2024)
?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
0.0
Asset age ratio (2024)
?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Debt ratio
0.0
2.867
0.0
5.749
6.348
10.518
12.332
4.548
0.02
Financial autonomy
62.08
66.254
68.589
72.221
73.234
67.144
71.319
74.363
75.846
Repayment capacity
0.0
0.047
0.0
0.086
0.153
0.256
0.29
0.071
0.0
Cash flow / Revenue
33.414%
36.271%
42.327%
47.042%
32.062%
40.202%
50.771%
54.21%
56.904%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
0.022024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0
Med: 3.93
Q3: 32.58
Good-29 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the debt ratio of KERNEL SOFTWARE (0.02) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. This controlled position reflects prudent management.
Financial autonomy
75.85%2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 7.97%
Med: 34.38%
Q3: 62.44%
Excellent
In 2024, the financial autonomy of KERNEL SOFTWARE (75.8%) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. High autonomy reflects financial independence and ability to absorb shocks.
Repayment capacity
0.0 years2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.5 years
Excellent-35 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the repayment capacity of KERNEL SOFTWARE (0.00) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A short capacity reflects controlled debt and good cash generation.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 829.84. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.
Liquidity ratio (2024)
?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
829.837
Interest coverage (2024)
?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
0.0
Liquidity indicators evolution KERNEL SOFTWARE
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Liquidity ratio
916.038
603.199
515.076
671.663
674.11
577.428
886.601
1007.216
829.837
Interest coverage
0.427
0.562
0.299
0.254
0.304
0.153
0.268
0.0
0.0
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
829.842024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 141.9
Med: 230.48
Q3: 460.89
Excellent
In 2024, the liquidity ratio of KERNEL SOFTWARE (829.84) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. A ratio above 1 ensures comfortable coverage of short-term maturities.
Interest coverage
0.0x2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 1.04x
Average-32 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the interest coverage of KERNEL SOFTWARE (0.0x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 28 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 89 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 61 days of the operating cycle (retail model). WCR is negative (-20 days): operations structurally generate cash. Notable WCR improvement over the period (-133%), freeing up cash.
Operating WCR (2024)
?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
-106 796 €
Customer credit (2024)
?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
28 j
Supplier credit (2024)
?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
89 j
Inventory turnover (2024)
?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2024)
?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
-20 j
WCR and payment terms evolution KERNEL SOFTWARE
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Operating WCR
322 655 €
29 912 €
192 954 €
612 084 €
402 344 €
123 936 €
447 598 €
175 240 €
-106 796 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
64
39
94
153
77
91
167
19
28
Supplier payment term (days)
174
9
9
8
14
234
13
11
89
Positioning of KERNEL SOFTWARE in its sector
Comparison with sector Conseil en systèmes et logiciels informatiques
Valuation estimate
Based on 215 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of KERNEL SOFTWARE is estimated at
1 053 643 €
(range 429 955€ - 3 945 393€).
With an EBITDA of 1 318 752€, the sector multiple of 1.0x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.16x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2024
215 transactions
429k€1053k€3945k€
1 053 643 €Range: 429 955€ - 3 945 393€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
1 318 752 €×1.0x
Estimation1 287 958 €
486 466€ - 5 691 811€
Revenue Multiple30%
1 931 204 €×0.16x
Estimation309 985 €
166 276€ - 566 235€
Net Income Multiple20%
1 073 272 €×1.5x
Estimation1 583 347 €
684 198€ - 4 648 089€
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 215 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Conseil en systèmes et logiciels informatiques)
Compare KERNEL SOFTWARE with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, KERNEL SOFTWARE generated a net profit of 1.1 M€ in 2024.
Where is the headquarters of KERNEL SOFTWARE ?
The headquarters of KERNEL SOFTWARE is located in FONTAINEBLEAU (77300), in the department Seine-et-Marne.
Where to find the tax return of KERNEL SOFTWARE ?
The tax return of KERNEL SOFTWARE is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does KERNEL SOFTWARE operate?
KERNEL SOFTWARE operates in the sector Conseil en systèmes et logiciels informatiques (NAF code 62.02A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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