Employees: 01 (2023.0)Legal category: Société à responsabilité limitée (sans autre indication)Size: PMECreation date: 2009-07-01 (16 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Activités d'architecture Location: PARIS (75020), Paris
KELOUA ARCHITECTURE : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
KELOUA ARCHITECTURE is a French company
founded 16 years ago,
specialized in the sector Activités d'architecture .
Based in PARIS (75020),
this company of category PME
shows in 2020 a revenue of 18 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
Financial history - KELOUA ARCHITECTURE (SIREN 513597393)
Indicator
2020
2019
2018
2016
2015
Revenue
18 500 €
39 325 €
21 318 €
50 073 €
45 723 €
Net income
15 721 €
-3 891 €
7 078 €
27 437 €
-60 068 €
EBITDA
13 409 €
27 213 €
9 333 €
28 585 €
-57 087 €
Net margin
85.0%
-9.9%
33.2%
54.8%
-131.4%
Revenue and income statement
In 2020, KELOUA ARCHITECTURE achieves revenue of 18 k€. Revenue is declining over the period 2015-2020 (CAGR: -16.6%). Significant drop of -53% vs 2019. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 18 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 13 k€, representing 72.5% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +3.3 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 16 k€, i.e. 85.0% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2020)
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Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
18 500 €
Gross margin (2020)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
18 500 €
EBITDA (2020)
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Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
13 409 €
EBIT (2020)
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EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
12 935 €
Net income (2020)
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Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
15 721 €
EBITDA margin (2020)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
67.0%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
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Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
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Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 90%. Debt level is high: negotiating margin with banks is reduced. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 42%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 4.3 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This ratio remains within usual banking standards. Cash flow represents 81.0% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.
Debt ratio (2020)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
89.766%
Financial autonomy (2020)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
41.64%
Cash flow / Revenue (2020)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
80.975%
Repayment capacity (2020)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
4.328
Asset age ratio (2020)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2015
2016
2018
2019
2020
Debt ratio
58.242
203.842
130.029
125.325
89.766
Financial autonomy
51.386
23.052
35.324
33.704
41.64
Repayment capacity
-0.718
1.673
11.408
-20.75
4.328
Cash flow / Revenue
-130.613%
56.074%
35.425%
-8.692%
80.975%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
89.772020
2018
2019
2020
Q1: 0.63
Med: 16.62
Q3: 64.22
Average
In 2020, the debt ratio of KELOUA ARCHITECTURE (89.77) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Financial autonomy
41.64%2020
2018
2019
2020
Q1: 16.58%
Med: 42.43%
Q3: 63.78%
Average+8 pts over 3 years
In 2020, the financial autonomy of KELOUA ARCHITECTURE (41.6%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Repayment capacity
4.33 years2020
2018
2019
2020
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.01 years
Q3: 1.48 years
Watch
In 2020, the repayment capacity of KELOUA ARCHITECTURE (4.33) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A long duration may signal heavy debt relative to repayment capacity.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 476.42. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 2.5x. Financial charges are adequately covered by operations.
Liquidity ratio (2020)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
476.416
Interest coverage (2020)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2015
2016
2018
2019
2020
Liquidity ratio
517.058
244.715
530.549
356.495
476.416
Interest coverage
-2.035
3.526
5.722
2.102
2.513
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
476.422020
2018
2019
2020
Q1: 161.45
Med: 252.1
Q3: 399.97
Excellent
In 2020, the liquidity ratio of KELOUA ARCHITECTURE (476.42) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. A ratio above 1 ensures comfortable coverage of short-term maturities.
Interest coverage
2.51x2020
2018
2019
2020
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.48x
Excellent
In 2020, the interest coverage of KELOUA ARCHITECTURE (2.5x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 2316 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 0 days. The gap of 2316 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Overall, WCR represents 2773 days of revenue, i.e. 142 k€ to permanently finance.
Operating WCR (2020)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
142 479 €
Customer credit (2020)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
2316 j
Supplier credit (2020)
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Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
0 j
Inventory turnover (2020)
?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2020)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
2773 j
WCR and payment terms evolution KELOUA ARCHITECTURE
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2015
2016
2018
2019
2020
Operating WCR
121 689 €
89 076 €
157 011 €
145 635 €
142 479 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
0
0
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
285
711
1719
1456
2316
Supplier payment term (days)
20
62
206
954
0
Positioning of KELOUA ARCHITECTURE in its sector
Comparison with sector Activités d'architecture
Valuation estimate
Indicative estimate only : the number of comparable transactions in this sector is limited (22 transactions).
This range of 13 106€ to 30 319€ is provided for information purposes only and requires in-depth analysis to be confirmed.
Estimated enterprise value2020
Indicative
13k€17k€30k€
17 458 €Range: 13 106€ - 30 319€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 22 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Activités d'architecture )
Compare KELOUA ARCHITECTURE with other companies in the same sector:
Frequently asked questions about KELOUA ARCHITECTURE
What is the revenue of KELOUA ARCHITECTURE ?
The revenue of KELOUA ARCHITECTURE in 2020 is 18 k€.
Is KELOUA ARCHITECTURE profitable?
Yes, KELOUA ARCHITECTURE generated a net profit of 16 k€ in 2020.
Where is the headquarters of KELOUA ARCHITECTURE ?
The headquarters of KELOUA ARCHITECTURE is located in PARIS (75020), in the department Paris.
Where to find the tax return of KELOUA ARCHITECTURE ?
The tax return of KELOUA ARCHITECTURE is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does KELOUA ARCHITECTURE operate?
KELOUA ARCHITECTURE operates in the sector Activités d'architecture (NAF code 71.11Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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