JM FORMATIONS : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
JM FORMATIONS is a French company
founded 5 years ago,
specialized in the sector Formation continue d'adultes.
Based in MONTROUGE (92120),
this company of category PME
shows in 2024 a revenue of 68 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
Financial history - JM FORMATIONS (SIREN 894330547)
Indicator
2024
2023
2022
2021
Revenue
68 187 €
149 199 €
1 720 315 €
752 958 €
Net income
16 460 €
76 681 €
162 995 €
49 601 €
EBITDA
33 958 €
145 983 €
291 572 €
64 270 €
Net margin
24.1%
51.4%
9.5%
6.6%
Revenue and income statement
In 2024, JM FORMATIONS achieves revenue of 68 k€. Revenue is declining over the period 2021-2024 (CAGR: -55.1%). Significant drop of -54% vs 2023. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 68 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 34 k€, representing 49.8% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (-54%), EBITDA varies by -77%, reducing margin by 48.0 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 16 k€, i.e. 24.1% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2024)
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Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
68 187 €
Gross margin (2024)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
68 187 €
EBITDA (2024)
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Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
33 958 €
EBIT (2024)
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EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
18 478 €
Net income (2024)
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Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
16 460 €
EBITDA margin (2024)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
49.8%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 250%. Critical situation: debt significantly exceeds equity, severely limiting borrowing capacity and exposing the company to default risk. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 56%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 1.4 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 47.6% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.
Debt ratio (2024)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
250.14%
Financial autonomy (2024)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
55.671%
Cash flow / Revenue (2024)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
47.607%
Repayment capacity (2024)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
1.353
Asset age ratio (2024)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2021
2022
2023
2024
Debt ratio
212.339
46.648
92.746
250.14
Financial autonomy
26.526
22.736
38.093
55.671
Repayment capacity
0.0
0.268
0.5
1.353
Cash flow / Revenue
6.699%
16.282%
96.659%
47.607%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
250.142024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0
Med: 3.22
Q3: 34.93
Watch+5 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the debt ratio of JM FORMATIONS (250.14) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A high ratio may indicate excessive dependence on external financing.
Financial autonomy
55.67%2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 1.03%
Med: 30.48%
Q3: 60.98%
Good+28 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the financial autonomy of JM FORMATIONS (55.7%) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Repayment capacity
1.35 years2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.51 years
Average+16 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the repayment capacity of JM FORMATIONS (1.35) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 327.67. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 3.9x. Financial charges are adequately covered by operations.
Liquidity ratio (2024)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
327.667
Interest coverage (2024)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
3.922
Liquidity indicators evolution JM FORMATIONS
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2021
2022
2023
2024
Liquidity ratio
113.944
253.642
384.058
327.667
Interest coverage
0.0
0.401
1.182
3.922
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
327.672024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 126.79
Med: 230.24
Q3: 439.51
Good+7 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the liquidity ratio of JM FORMATIONS (327.67) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Interest coverage
3.92x2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.65x
Excellent+9 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the interest coverage of JM FORMATIONS (3.9x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 110 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 170 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 60 days of the operating cycle (retail model). Overall, WCR represents 198 days of revenue, i.e. 38 k€ to permanently finance. Over 2021-2024, WCR increased by +113%, requiring additional financing.
Operating WCR (2024)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
37 586 €
Customer credit (2024)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
110 j
Supplier credit (2024)
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Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
170 j
Inventory turnover (2024)
?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2024)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
198 j
WCR and payment terms evolution JM FORMATIONS
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2021
2022
2023
2024
Operating WCR
-281 960 €
52 624 €
56 384 €
37 586 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
0
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
0
0
16
110
Supplier payment term (days)
82
20
3586
170
Positioning of JM FORMATIONS in its sector
Comparison with sector Formation continue d'adultes
Valuation estimate
Based on 134 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of JM FORMATIONS is estimated at
53 793 €
(range 19 386€ - 162 329€).
With an EBITDA of 33 958€, the sector multiple of 2.2x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.36x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2024
134 transactions
19k€53k€162k€
53 793 €Range: 19 386€ - 162 329€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
33 958 €×2.2x
Estimation73 627 €
26 680€ - 191 493€
Revenue Multiple30%
68 187 €×0.36x
Estimation24 373 €
8 132€ - 47 653€
Net Income Multiple20%
16 460 €×2.9x
Estimation48 342 €
18 036€ - 261 436€
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 134 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Formation continue d'adultes)
Compare JM FORMATIONS with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, JM FORMATIONS generated a net profit of 16 k€ in 2024.
Where is the headquarters of JM FORMATIONS ?
The headquarters of JM FORMATIONS is located in MONTROUGE (92120), in the department Hauts-de-Seine.
Where to find the tax return of JM FORMATIONS ?
The tax return of JM FORMATIONS is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does JM FORMATIONS operate?
JM FORMATIONS operates in the sector Formation continue d'adultes (NAF code 85.59A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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