INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION is a French company founded 11 years ago, specialized in the sector Formation continue d'adultes. Based in VILLEURBANNE (69100), this company of category PME shows in 2019 a revenue of 99 k€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-02

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION (SIREN 809034515)
Indicator 2019 2016
Revenue 98 876 € 260 922 €
Net income 14 654 € 22 496 €
EBITDA 21 056 € 49 389 €
Net margin 14.8% 8.6%

Revenue and income statement

In 2019, INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION achieves revenue of 99 k€. Significant drop of -62% vs 2016. After deducting consumption (1 k€), gross margin stands at 97 k€, i.e. a rate of 99%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 21 k€, representing 21.3% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +2.4 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 15 k€, i.e. 14.8% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2019) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

98 876 €

Gross margin (2019) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

97 471 €

EBITDA (2019) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

21 056 €

EBIT (2019) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

17 169 €

Net income (2019) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

14 654 €

EBITDA margin (2019) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

21.3%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 4%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 60%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.0 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 18.7% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.

Debt ratio (2019) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

4.346%

Financial autonomy (2019) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

59.6%

Cash flow / Revenue (2019) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

18.729%

Repayment capacity (2019) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

0.007

Asset age ratio (2019) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

12.0%

Solvency indicators evolution
INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
4.35 2019
2016
2019
Q1: 0.0
Med: 3.84
Q3: 42.29
Average -24 pts over 2 years

In 2019, the debt ratio of INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'A... (4.35) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Financial autonomy
59.6% 2019
2016
2019
Q1: 4.48%
Med: 32.0%
Q3: 60.33%
Good

In 2019, the financial autonomy of INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'A... (59.6%) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Repayment capacity
0.01 years 2019
2016
2019
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.54 years
Average -25 pts over 2 years

In 2019, the repayment capacity of INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'A... (0.01) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 220.06. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.

Liquidity ratio (2019) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

220.065

Interest coverage (2019) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

0.0

Liquidity indicators evolution
INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
220.06 2019
2016
2019
Q1: 130.07
Med: 211.29
Q3: 384.44
Good -14 pts over 2 years

In 2019, the liquidity ratio of INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'A... (220.06) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Interest coverage
0.0x 2019
2016
2019
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.59x
Average -50 pts over 2 years

In 2019, the interest coverage of INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'A... (0.0x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 262 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 0 days. The gap of 262 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Overall, WCR represents 222 days of revenue, i.e. 61 k€ to permanently finance.

Operating WCR (2019) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

60 846 €

Customer credit (2019) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

262 j

Supplier credit (2019) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

0 j

Inventory turnover (2019) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2019) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

222 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION

Positioning of INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION in its sector

Comparison with sector Formation continue d'adultes

Valuation estimate

Based on 134 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION is estimated at 42 036 € (range 15 020€ - 126 648€). With an EBITDA of 21 056€, the sector multiple of 2.2x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.36x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2019
134 transactions
15k€ 42k€ 126k€
42 036 € Range: 15 020€ - 126 648€
NAF 5 all-time

Valuation detail by method

Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse

EBITDA Multiple 50%
21 056 € × 2.2x
Estimation 45 653 €
16 543€ - 118 737€
Revenue Multiple 30%
98 876 € × 0.36x
Estimation 35 342 €
11 791€ - 69 100€
Net Income Multiple 20%
14 654 € × 2.9x
Estimation 43 038 €
16 057€ - 232 751€

Valuation evolution

How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 134 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Formation continue d'adultes)

Compare INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION with other companies in the same sector:

Voir toutes les statistiques du secteur Formation continue d'adultes

Frequently asked questions about INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION

What is the revenue of INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION ?

The revenue of INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION in 2019 is 99 k€.

Is INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION profitable?

Yes, INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION generated a net profit of 15 k€ in 2019.

Where is the headquarters of INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION ?

The headquarters of INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION is located in VILLEURBANNE (69100), in the department Rhone.

Where to find the tax return of INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION ?

The tax return of INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION operate?

INSTITUT DE FORMATION D'AUDIT ET DE CERTIFICATION operates in the sector Formation continue d'adultes (NAF code 85.59A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.