INES & CESAR DEVELOPPEMENT : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

In 2024, INES & CESAR DEVELOPPEMENT achieves revenue of 320 k€. Over the period 2016-2024, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +9.7%. Significant drop of -25% vs 2023. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 320 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 33 k€, representing 10.3% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +2.3 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. This level of operating margin is satisfactory for the sector. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 18 k€, i.e. 5.5% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 1%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 90%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.1 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 10.7% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 545.00. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 1.3x. Coverage is limited: any activity downturn would jeopardize interest payments.

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 28 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 26 days. The company must finance 2 days of gap between collections and payments. Overall, WCR represents 286 days of revenue, i.e. 254 k€ to permanently finance. Over 2016-2024, WCR increased by +200%, requiring additional financing.

Based on 103 transactions of similar company sales in 2024, the value of INES & CESAR DEVELOPPEMENT is estimated at 152 354 € (range 42 960€ - 299 899€). With an EBITDA of 32 914€, the sector multiple of 5.0x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.38x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.