INEDEE : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
INEDEE is a French company
founded 20 years ago,
specialized in the sector Edition de logiciels applicatifs.
Based in COLOMBES (92700),
this company of category PME
shows in 2023 a revenue of 3.0 M€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
In 2023, INEDEE achieves revenue of 3.0 M€. Over the period 2017-2023, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +13.8%. Vs 2022, growth of +37% (2.2 M€ -> 3.0 M€). After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 3.0 M€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 17 k€, representing 0.6% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +8.1 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. The operating margin remains fragile, requiring cost vigilance. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 170 k€, i.e. 5.7% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2023)
?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
2 961 583 €
Gross margin (2023)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
2 961 583 €
EBITDA (2023)
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Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
17 472 €
EBIT (2023)
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EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
-42 721 €
Net income (2023)
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Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
170 156 €
EBITDA margin (2023)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
0.6%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 170%. Critical situation: debt significantly exceeds equity, severely limiting borrowing capacity and exposing the company to default risk. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 23%. The balance between equity and debt is satisfactory. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 4.1 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This ratio remains within usual banking standards. Cash flow represents 6.4% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. Satisfactory level allowing partial financing of growth.
Debt ratio (2023)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
170.494%
Financial autonomy (2023)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
22.703%
Cash flow / Revenue (2023)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
6.366%
Repayment capacity (2023)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
4.114
Asset age ratio (2023)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Debt ratio
97.914
71.869
21.144
268.344
279.184
369.773
418.924
170.494
Financial autonomy
22.267
28.284
39.567
22.748
21.11
15.789
15.699
22.703
Repayment capacity
None
0.897
0.41
5.038
8.868
None
-15.121
4.114
Cash flow / Revenue
None%
8.732%
11.353%
19.269%
8.241%
None%
-3.637%
6.366%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
170.492023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0
Med: 7.38
Q3: 53.46
Watch
In 2023, the debt ratio of INEDEE (170.49) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A high ratio may indicate excessive dependence on external financing.
Financial autonomy
22.7%2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 14.86%
Med: 40.01%
Q3: 62.52%
Average+6 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the financial autonomy of INEDEE (22.7%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Repayment capacity
4.11 years2023
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.8 years
Average+51 pts over 2 years
In 2023, the repayment capacity of INEDEE (4.11) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 259.70. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 56.2x. Operating income very largely covers interest expenses: high safety margin.
Liquidity ratio (2023)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
259.705
Interest coverage (2023)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
56.193
Liquidity indicators evolution INEDEE
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Liquidity ratio
122.137
208.611
206.222
180.534
239.477
134.979
159.054
259.705
Interest coverage
None
2.705
1.875
3.631
9.795
None
-5.031
56.193
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
259.72023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 147.42
Med: 250.59
Q3: 478.63
Good+26 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the liquidity ratio of INEDEE (259.70) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Interest coverage
56.19x2023
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 2.33x
Excellent+50 pts over 2 years
In 2023, the interest coverage of INEDEE (56.2x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 61 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 30 days. The gap of 31 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Overall, WCR represents 22 days of revenue, i.e. 181 k€ to permanently finance.
Operating WCR (2023)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
180 923 €
Customer credit (2023)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
61 j
Supplier credit (2023)
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Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
30 j
Inventory turnover (2023)
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Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2023)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
22 j
WCR and payment terms evolution INEDEE
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Operating WCR
0 €
-9 809 €
-103 267 €
52 561 €
16 878 €
0 €
7 222 €
180 923 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
0
24
16
27
34
0
15
61
Supplier payment term (days)
0
46
65
36
44
0
36
30
Positioning of INEDEE in its sector
Comparison with sector Edition de logiciels applicatifs
Valuation estimate
Based on 103 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of INEDEE is estimated at
270 924 €
(range 115 881€ - 651 115€).
With an EBITDA of 17 472€, the sector multiple of 1.0x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.25x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2023
103 transactions
115k€270k€651k€
270 924 €Range: 115 881€ - 651 115€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
17 472 €×1.0x
Estimation16 958 €
5 561€ - 54 800€
Revenue Multiple30%
2 961 583 €×0.25x
Estimation736 937 €
325 546€ - 1 621 870€
Net Income Multiple20%
170 156 €×1.2x
Estimation206 820 €
77 183€ - 685 775€
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 103 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Edition de logiciels applicatifs)
Compare INEDEE with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, INEDEE generated a net profit of 170 k€ in 2023.
Where is the headquarters of INEDEE ?
The headquarters of INEDEE is located in COLOMBES (92700), in the department Hauts-de-Seine.
Where to find the tax return of INEDEE ?
The tax return of INEDEE is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does INEDEE operate?
INEDEE operates in the sector Edition de logiciels applicatifs (NAF code 58.29C). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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