IES NORMANDIE : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
IES NORMANDIE is a French company
founded 10 years ago,
specialized in the sector Enseignement supérieur.
Based in ROUEN (76000),
this company of category PME
shows in 2023 a revenue of 4.5 M€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
Financial history - IES NORMANDIE (SIREN 812824225)
Indicator
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2016
Revenue
4 455 397 €
3 433 315 €
2 618 586 €
2 213 271 €
2 041 353 €
1 662 640 €
295 985 €
Net income
47 896 €
47 630 €
49 354 €
48 957 €
48 699 €
62 105 €
363 €
EBITDA
925 504 €
105 273 €
98 585 €
25 439 €
101 542 €
104 544 €
2 770 €
Net margin
1.1%
1.4%
1.9%
2.2%
2.4%
3.7%
0.1%
Revenue and income statement
In 2023, IES NORMANDIE achieves revenue of 4.5 M€. Over the period 2016-2023, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +47.3%. Vs 2022, growth of +30% (3.4 M€ -> 4.5 M€). After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 4.5 M€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 926 k€, representing 20.8% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +17.7 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 48 k€, i.e. 1.1% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2023)
?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
4 455 397 €
Gross margin (2023)
?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
4 455 397 €
EBITDA (2023)
?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
925 504 €
EBIT (2023)
?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
51 372 €
Net income (2023)
?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
47 896 €
EBITDA margin (2023)
?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
20.7%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 53%. Debt remains under control: the company retains capacity to raise new debt if needed. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 9%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 5.7 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This ratio remains within usual banking standards. Cash flow represents 0.7% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment.
Debt ratio (2023)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
53.176%
Financial autonomy (2023)
?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
8.822%
Cash flow / Revenue (2023)
?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
0.692%
Repayment capacity (2023)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
5.701
Asset age ratio (2023)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Debt ratio
334.138
67.654
39.12
75.663
53.465
78.71
53.176
Financial autonomy
15.4
9.991
17.007
18.079
14.328
10.307
8.822
Repayment capacity
143.716
0.796
0.769
8.564
2.158
7.148
5.701
Cash flow / Revenue
0.123%
4.754%
3.698%
0.788%
2.323%
0.93%
0.692%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
53.182023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0
Med: 9.12
Q3: 45.37
Average
In 2023, the debt ratio of IES NORMANDIE (53.18) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Financial autonomy
8.82%2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 6.96%
Med: 31.41%
Q3: 53.29%
Average-5 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the financial autonomy of IES NORMANDIE (8.8%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Repayment capacity
5.7 years2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.69 years
Watch
In 2023, the repayment capacity of IES NORMANDIE (5.70) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A long duration may signal heavy debt relative to repayment capacity.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 152.68. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 0.6x. Danger: operating income does not cover interest charges, unsustainable situation.
Liquidity ratio (2023)
?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
152.68
Interest coverage (2023)
?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
0.627
Liquidity indicators evolution IES NORMANDIE
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2016
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Liquidity ratio
260.652
171.505
189.016
184.978
162.019
172.736
152.68
Interest coverage
86.895
3.864
5.099
9.029
1.192
4.371
0.627
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
152.682023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 122.92
Med: 223.23
Q3: 348.95
Average-6 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the liquidity ratio of IES NORMANDIE (152.68) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Interest coverage
0.63x2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.08x
Q3: 2.01x
Good-18 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the interest coverage of IES NORMANDIE (0.6x) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 176 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 133 days. The gap of 43 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Overall, WCR represents 15 days of revenue, i.e. 187 k€ to permanently finance. Over 2016-2023, WCR increased by +221%, requiring additional financing.
Operating WCR (2023)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
186 859 €
Customer credit (2023)
?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
176 j
Supplier credit (2023)
?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
133 j
Inventory turnover (2023)
?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2023)
?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
15 j
WCR and payment terms evolution IES NORMANDIE
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Operating WCR
58 211 €
70 280 €
229 611 €
416 073 €
91 965 €
81 164 €
186 859 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
82
143
111
126
141
194
176
Supplier payment term (days)
16
13
33
55
38
23
133
Positioning of IES NORMANDIE in its sector
Comparison with sector Enseignement supérieur
Valuation estimate
Based on 412 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of IES NORMANDIE is estimated at
1 796 101 €
(range 737 923€ - 4 505 880€).
With an EBITDA of 925 504€, the sector multiple of 3.0x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.29x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2023
412 transactions
737k€1796k€4505k€
1 796 101 €Range: 737 923€ - 4 505 880€
Section all-time
Aggregated at NAF section level
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
925 504 €×3.0x
Estimation2 738 761 €
1 042 919€ - 7 471 474€
Revenue Multiple30%
4 455 397 €×0.29x
Estimation1 299 978 €
674 083€ - 2 112 381€
Net Income Multiple20%
47 896 €×3.8x
Estimation183 637 €
71 196€ - 682 146€
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 412 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Enseignement supérieur)
Compare IES NORMANDIE with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, IES NORMANDIE generated a net profit of 48 k€ in 2023.
Where is the headquarters of IES NORMANDIE ?
The headquarters of IES NORMANDIE is located in ROUEN (76000), in the department Seine-Maritime.
Where to find the tax return of IES NORMANDIE ?
The tax return of IES NORMANDIE is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does IES NORMANDIE operate?
IES NORMANDIE operates in the sector Enseignement supérieur (NAF code 85.42Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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