Employees: 11 (2023.0)Legal category: Société à responsabilité limitée (sans autre indication)Size: PMECreation date: 1998-10-02 (27 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Conseil en systèmes et logiciels informatiquesLocation: BASSE-GOULAINE (44115), Loire-Atlantique
I2EE-AD : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
I2EE-AD is a French company
founded 27 years ago,
specialized in the sector Conseil en systèmes et logiciels informatiques.
Based in BASSE-GOULAINE (44115),
this company of category PME
shows in 2025 a revenue of 2.6 M€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
In 2025, I2EE-AD achieves revenue of 2.6 M€. Over the period 2019-2025, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +7.1%. Vs 2024, growth of +19% (2.2 M€ -> 2.6 M€). After deducting consumption (1.0 M€), gross margin stands at 1.6 M€, i.e. a rate of 61%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 77 k€, representing 2.9% of revenue. The operating margin remains fragile, requiring cost vigilance. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 50 k€, i.e. 1.9% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2025)
?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
2 648 842 €
Gross margin (2025)
?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
1 625 743 €
EBITDA (2025)
?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
77 105 €
EBIT (2025)
?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
44 948 €
Net income (2025)
?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
50 140 €
EBITDA margin (2025)
?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
2.9%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 237%. Critical situation: debt significantly exceeds equity, severely limiting borrowing capacity and exposing the company to default risk. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 18%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 6.5 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This ratio remains within usual banking standards. Cash flow represents 2.4% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment.
Debt ratio (2025)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
237.403%
Financial autonomy (2025)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
17.765%
Cash flow / Revenue (2025)
?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
2.413%
Repayment capacity (2025)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
6.48
Asset age ratio (2025)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Debt ratio
27.064
57.352
86.701
72.531
36.925
73.239
950.03
304.781
223.427
237.403
Financial autonomy
43.333
30.478
34.589
36.642
38.693
39.94
5.969
15.787
20.297
17.765
Repayment capacity
None
None
None
3.621
None
None
4.957
None
5.45
6.48
Cash flow / Revenue
None%
None%
None%
3.453%
None%
None%
4.642%
None%
2.852%
2.413%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
237.42025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 0.0
Med: 4.75
Q3: 28.97
Watch
In 2025, the debt ratio of I2EE-AD (237.40) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A high ratio may indicate excessive dependence on external financing.
Financial autonomy
17.77%2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 9.04%
Med: 36.0%
Q3: 63.27%
Average
In 2025, the financial autonomy of I2EE-AD (17.8%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Repayment capacity
6.48 years2025
2024
2025
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.43 years
Watch
In 2025, the repayment capacity of I2EE-AD (6.48) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A long duration may signal heavy debt relative to repayment capacity.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 192.75. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 7.9x. Operating income very largely covers interest expenses: high safety margin.
Liquidity ratio (2025)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
192.748
Interest coverage (2025)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
7.919
Liquidity indicators evolution I2EE-AD
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Liquidity ratio
195.47
136.513
192.06
199.248
162.853
244.313
195.191
216.842
231.302
192.748
Interest coverage
None
None
None
5.802
None
None
30.509
None
10.817
7.919
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
192.752025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 158.37
Med: 261.69
Q3: 503.25
Average-12 pts over 3 years
In 2025, the liquidity ratio of I2EE-AD (192.75) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Interest coverage
7.92x2025
2024
2025
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 1.07x
Excellent
In 2025, the interest coverage of I2EE-AD (7.9x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 23 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 49 days. Favorable situation: supplier credit is longer than customer credit by 26 days. Inventory turnover is 31 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). Fast turnover, sign of good inventory management. Overall, WCR represents 40 days of revenue, i.e. 292 k€ to permanently finance.
Operating WCR (2025)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
291 929 €
Customer credit (2025)
?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
23 j
Supplier credit (2025)
?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
49 j
Inventory turnover (2025)
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Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
31 j
WCR in days of revenue (2025)
?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
40 j
WCR and payment terms evolution I2EE-AD
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Operating WCR
0 €
0 €
0 €
175 540 €
0 €
0 €
255 385 €
0 €
202 409 €
291 929 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
0
0
26
0
0
11
0
7
31
Customer payment term (days)
0
0
0
32
0
0
49
0
34
23
Supplier payment term (days)
0
0
0
51
0
0
42
0
44
49
Positioning of I2EE-AD in its sector
Comparison with sector Conseil en systèmes et logiciels informatiques
Valuation estimate
Based on 215 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of I2EE-AD is estimated at
179 998 €
(range 89 033€ - 442 818€).
With an EBITDA of 77 105€, the sector multiple of 1.0x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.16x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2025
215 transactions
89k€179k€442k€
179 998 €Range: 89 033€ - 442 818€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
77 105 €×1.0x
Estimation75 305 €
28 443€ - 332 790€
Revenue Multiple30%
2 648 842 €×0.16x
Estimation425 175 €
228 064€ - 776 648€
Net Income Multiple20%
50 140 €×1.5x
Estimation73 969 €
31 964€ - 217 145€
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 215 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Conseil en systèmes et logiciels informatiques)
Compare I2EE-AD with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, I2EE-AD generated a net profit of 50 k€ in 2025.
Where is the headquarters of I2EE-AD ?
The headquarters of I2EE-AD is located in BASSE-GOULAINE (44115), in the department Loire-Atlantique.
Where to find the tax return of I2EE-AD ?
The tax return of I2EE-AD is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does I2EE-AD operate?
I2EE-AD operates in the sector Conseil en systèmes et logiciels informatiques (NAF code 62.02A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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