Employees: NN (None)Legal category: SCA (commandite par actions)Size: PMECreation date: 2013-12-01 (12 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Commerces de détail d'optiqueLocation: ETAPLES (62630), Pas-de-Calais
Les données financières de cette entreprise sont partiellement disponibles (liasse simplifiée ou données confidentielles). Certaines sections ne sont pas affichées.
HERDE : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
HERDE is a French company
founded 12 years ago,
specialized in the sector Commerces de détail d'optique.
Based in ETAPLES (62630),
this company of category PME
shows in 2015 a revenue of 196 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
In 2015, HERDE achieves revenue of 196 k€. After deducting consumption (81 k€), gross margin stands at 116 k€, i.e. a rate of 59%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 35 k€, representing 17.9% of revenue. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 11 k€, i.e. 5.7% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2015)
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Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
196 136 €
Gross margin (2015)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
115 509 €
EBITDA (2015)
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Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
35 022 €
EBIT (2015)
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EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
15 665 €
Net income (2015)
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Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
11 235 €
EBITDA margin (2015)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
17.9%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
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Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
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Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at -548%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches -18%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 7.5 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. Beyond 7 years, banks generally consider credit risk as high. Cash flow represents 12.2% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.
Debt ratio (2015)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
-548.491%
Financial autonomy (2015)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
-18.002%
Cash flow / Revenue (2015)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
12.164%
Repayment capacity (2015)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
7.548
Asset age ratio (2015)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2015
Debt ratio
-548.491
Financial autonomy
-18.002
Repayment capacity
7.548
Cash flow / Revenue
12.164%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
-548.492015
2015
Q1: 0.84
Med: 33.4
Q3: 111.31
Excellent
In 2015, the debt ratio of HERDE (-548.49) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A low ratio indicates a solid financial structure with little dependence on creditors.
Financial autonomy
-18.0%2015
2015
Q1: 16.81%
Med: 40.47%
Q3: 61.52%
Watch
In 2015, the financial autonomy of HERDE (-18.0%) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. Low autonomy may limit investment capacity and increase vulnerability.
Repayment capacity
7.55 years2015
2015
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 1.33 years
Q3: 4.24 years
Watch
In 2015, the repayment capacity of HERDE (7.55) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A long duration may signal heavy debt relative to repayment capacity.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 282.91. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 12.6x. Operating income very largely covers interest expenses: high safety margin.
Liquidity ratio (2015)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
282.911
Interest coverage (2015)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
12.646
Liquidity indicators evolution HERDE
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2015
Liquidity ratio
282.911
Interest coverage
12.646
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
282.912015
2015
Q1: 107.34
Med: 180.64
Q3: 310.94
Good
In 2015, the liquidity ratio of HERDE (282.91) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Interest coverage
12.65x2015
2015
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 3.31x
Q3: 10.43x
Excellent
In 2015, the interest coverage of HERDE (12.7x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 28 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 63 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 35 days of the operating cycle (retail model). Inventory turnover is 117 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). This high level ties up cash and potentially creates obsolescence risk. Overall, WCR represents 148 days of revenue, i.e. 81 k€ to permanently finance.
Operating WCR (2015)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
80 641 €
Customer credit (2015)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
28 j
Supplier credit (2015)
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Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
63 j
Inventory turnover (2015)
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Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
117 j
WCR in days of revenue (2015)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
148 j
WCR and payment terms evolution HERDE
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2015
Operating WCR
80 641 €
Inventory turnover (days)
117
Customer payment term (days)
28
Supplier payment term (days)
63
Positioning of HERDE in its sector
Comparison with sector Commerces de détail d'optique
Valuation estimate
Based on 994 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of HERDE is estimated at
101 122 €
(range 46 429€ - 187 455€).
With an EBITDA of 35 022€, the sector multiple of 3.7x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.45x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2015
994 transactions
46k€101k€187k€
101 122 €Range: 46 429€ - 187 455€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
35 022 €×3.7x
Estimation130 282 €
58 893€ - 245 595€
Revenue Multiple30%
196 136 €×0.45x
Estimation87 644 €
44 728€ - 147 471€
Net Income Multiple20%
11 235 €×4.3x
Estimation48 444 €
17 824€ - 102 082€
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 994 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Commerces de détail d'optique)
Compare HERDE with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, HERDE generated a net profit of 11 k€ in 2015.
Where is the headquarters of HERDE ?
The headquarters of HERDE is located in ETAPLES (62630), in the department Pas-de-Calais.
Where to find the tax return of HERDE ?
The tax return of HERDE is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does HERDE operate?
HERDE operates in the sector Commerces de détail d'optique (NAF code 47.78A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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