Employees: 02 (2023.0)Legal category: SCA (commandite par actions)Size: PMECreation date: 2020-10-20 (5 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Édition de revues et périodiquesLocation: PARIS (75008), Paris
HEC EDITIONS : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
HEC EDITIONS is a French company
founded 5 years ago,
specialized in the sector Édition de revues et périodiques.
Based in PARIS (75008),
this company of category PME
shows in 2023 a revenue of 945 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
Financial history - HEC EDITIONS (SIREN 890295355)
Indicator
2023
2022
2021
Revenue
945 214 €
769 858 €
700 888 €
Net income
279 636 €
-167 604 €
-151 382 €
EBITDA
-175 574 €
-152 871 €
-135 673 €
Net margin
29.6%
-21.8%
-21.6%
Revenue and income statement
In 2023, HEC EDITIONS achieves revenue of 945 k€. Over the period 2021-2023, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +16.1%. Vs 2022, growth of +23% (770 k€ -> 945 k€). After deducting consumption (59 k€), gross margin stands at 886 k€, i.e. a rate of 94%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches -176 k€, representing -18.6% of revenue. Negative EBITDA means operations do not cover current expenses: concerning situation. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 280 k€, i.e. 29.6% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2023)
?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
945 214 €
Gross margin (2023)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
886 118 €
EBITDA (2023)
?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
-175 574 €
EBIT (2023)
?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
-193 396 €
Net income (2023)
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Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
279 636 €
EBITDA margin (2023)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
-18.4%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
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Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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%
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Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 767%. Critical situation: debt significantly exceeds equity, severely limiting borrowing capacity and exposing the company to default risk. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 6%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 1.1 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 31.0% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.
Debt ratio (2023)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
766.691%
Financial autonomy (2023)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
6.1%
Cash flow / Revenue (2023)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
31.018%
Repayment capacity (2023)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
1.05
Solvency indicators evolution HEC EDITIONS
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2021
2022
2023
Debt ratio
-533.035
-263.731
766.691
Financial autonomy
-9.549
-36.936
6.1
Repayment capacity
-2.804
-4.127
1.05
Cash flow / Revenue
-19.359%
-19.736%
31.018%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
766.692023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0
Med: 0.5
Q3: 41.04
Watch+50 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the debt ratio of HEC EDITIONS (766.69) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A high ratio may indicate excessive dependence on external financing.
Financial autonomy
6.1%2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 2.81%
Med: 32.64%
Q3: 58.04%
Average
In 2023, the financial autonomy of HEC EDITIONS (6.1%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Repayment capacity
1.05 years2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: -0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.39 years
Watch+50 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the repayment capacity of HEC EDITIONS (1.05) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A long duration may signal heavy debt relative to repayment capacity.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 192.98. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.
Liquidity ratio (2023)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
192.98
Interest coverage (2023)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
-0.006
Liquidity indicators evolution HEC EDITIONS
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2021
2022
2023
Liquidity ratio
175.164
206.328
192.98
Interest coverage
-0.544
-0.008
-0.006
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
192.982023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 119.64
Med: 207.47
Q3: 420.56
Average+6 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the liquidity ratio of HEC EDITIONS (192.98) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Interest coverage
-0.01x2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.46x
Average
In 2023, the interest coverage of HEC EDITIONS (-0.0x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 119 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 45 days. The gap of 74 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Overall, WCR represents 71 days of revenue, i.e. 185 k€ to permanently finance. Over 2021-2023, WCR increased by +1152%, requiring additional financing.
Operating WCR (2023)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
185 319 €
Customer credit (2023)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
119 j
Supplier credit (2023)
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Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
45 j
Inventory turnover (2023)
?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2023)
?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
71 j
WCR and payment terms evolution HEC EDITIONS
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2021
2022
2023
Operating WCR
14 803 €
88 972 €
185 319 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
117
98
119
Supplier payment term (days)
105
38
45
Positioning of HEC EDITIONS in its sector
Comparison with sector Édition de revues et périodiques
Valuation estimate
Based on 67 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of HEC EDITIONS is estimated at
703 438 €
(range 185 821€ - 1 313 096€).
The price/revenue ratio is 0.16x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate. Medium reliability: estimate to be confirmed with in-depth analysis.
Estimated enterprise value2023
67 tx
185k€703k€1313k€
703 438 €Range: 185 821€ - 1 313 096€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
Revenue Multiple30%
945 214 €×0.16x
Estimation155 442 €
105 952€ - 430 054€
Net Income Multiple20%
279 636 €×5.5x
Estimation1 525 434 €
305 626€ - 2 637 660€
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 67 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Édition de revues et périodiques)
Compare HEC EDITIONS with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, HEC EDITIONS generated a net profit of 280 k€ in 2023.
Where is the headquarters of HEC EDITIONS ?
The headquarters of HEC EDITIONS is located in PARIS (75008), in the department Paris.
Where to find the tax return of HEC EDITIONS ?
The tax return of HEC EDITIONS is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does HEC EDITIONS operate?
HEC EDITIONS operates in the sector Édition de revues et périodiques (NAF code 58.14Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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