HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE is a French company founded 14 years ago, specialized in the sector Édition de revues et périodiques. Based in PARIS (75001), this company of category PME shows in 2025 a revenue of 1.6 M€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-09

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE (SIREN 537706574)
Indicator 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2017
Revenue 1 592 547 € 1 600 253 € 1 558 459 € 1 430 228 € 1 128 169 € 998 257 € 1 529 356 € 1 669 196 €
Net income 279 810 € 250 374 € 74 358 € 338 939 € 182 610 € 125 385 € 165 645 € 101 163 €
EBITDA 373 315 € 323 307 € 110 152 € 455 009 € 20 342 € 174 436 € 408 723 € 152 106 €
Net margin 17.6% 15.6% 4.8% 23.7% 16.2% 12.6% 10.8% 6.1%

Revenue and income statement

In 2025, HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE achieves revenue of 1.6 M€. Activity remains stable over the period (CAGR: -0.6%). Slight decline of -0% vs 2024. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 1.6 M€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 373 k€, representing 23.4% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +3.2 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 280 k€, i.e. 17.6% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2025) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

1 592 547 €

Gross margin (2025) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

1 592 547 €

EBITDA (2025) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

373 315 €

EBIT (2025) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

373 058 €

Net income (2025) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

279 810 €

EBITDA margin (2025) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

23.4%

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 0%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 70%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Cash flow represents 17.6% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.

Debt ratio (2025) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

0.0%

Financial autonomy (2025) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

70.487%

Cash flow / Revenue (2025) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

17.57%

Repayment capacity (2025) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

0.0

Solvency indicators evolution
HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
0.0 2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 0.0
Med: 0.16
Q3: 14.86
Excellent

In 2025, the debt ratio of HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL P... (0.00) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A low ratio indicates a solid financial structure with little dependence on creditors.

Financial autonomy
70.49% 2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 2.63%
Med: 43.49%
Q3: 69.27%
Excellent

In 2025, the financial autonomy of HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL P... (70.5%) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. High autonomy reflects financial independence and ability to absorb shocks.

Repayment capacity
0.0 years 2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.4 years
Excellent -25 pts over 3 years

In 2025, the repayment capacity of HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL P... (0.00) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A short capacity reflects controlled debt and good cash generation.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 338.83. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.

Liquidity ratio (2025) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

338.831

Interest coverage (2025) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

0.0

Liquidity indicators evolution
HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
338.83 2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 130.81
Med: 245.66
Q3: 564.37
Good

In 2025, the liquidity ratio of HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL P... (338.83) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Interest coverage
0.0x 2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.0x
Average

In 2025, the interest coverage of HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL P... (0.0x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 18 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 59 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 41 days of the operating cycle (retail model). WCR is negative (-31 days): operations structurally generate cash. Notable WCR improvement over the period (-178%), freeing up cash.

Operating WCR (2025) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

-139 157 €

Customer credit (2025) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

18 j

Supplier credit (2025) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

59 j

Inventory turnover (2025) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2025) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

-31 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE

Positioning of HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE in its sector

Comparison with sector Édition de revues et périodiques

Valuation estimate

Based on 67 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE is estimated at 580 862 € (range 226 739€ - 1 880 860€). With an EBITDA of 373 315€, the sector multiple of 1.1x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.16x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Medium reliability: estimate to be confirmed with in-depth analysis.

Estimated enterprise value 2025
67 tx
226k€ 580k€ 1880k€
580 862 € Range: 226 739€ - 1 880 860€
NAF 5 all-time

Valuation detail by method

Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse

EBITDA Multiple 50%
373 315 € × 1.1x
Estimation 394 033 €
224 046€ - 2 271 253€
Revenue Multiple 30%
1 592 547 € × 0.16x
Estimation 261 897 €
178 513€ - 724 578€
Net Income Multiple 20%
279 810 € × 5.5x
Estimation 1 526 383 €
305 817€ - 2 639 301€
How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 67 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Édition de revues et périodiques)

Compare HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE with other companies in the same sector:

Voir toutes les statistiques du secteur Édition de revues et périodiques

Frequently asked questions about HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE

What is the revenue of HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE ?

The revenue of HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE in 2025 is 1.6 M€.

Is HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE profitable?

Yes, HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE generated a net profit of 280 k€ in 2025.

Where is the headquarters of HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE ?

The headquarters of HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE is located in PARIS (75001), in the department Paris.

Where to find the tax return of HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE ?

The tax return of HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE operate?

HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING FRANCE operates in the sector Édition de revues et périodiques (NAF code 58.14Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.