GRAND SUD FORMATION : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

GRAND SUD FORMATION is a French company founded 35 years ago, specialized in the sector Enseignement supérieur. Based in BORDEAUX (33000), this company of category ETI shows in 2019 a revenue of 1.6 M€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-09

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - GRAND SUD FORMATION (SIREN 380351924)
Indicator 2019 2018 2017 2016
Revenue 1 574 955 € 1 381 263 € 1 228 835 € 1 079 261 €
Net income 284 970 € 261 236 € 132 266 € 41 104 €
EBITDA 380 849 € 343 233 € 183 423 € 45 440 €
Net margin 18.1% 18.9% 10.8% 3.8%

Revenue and income statement

In 2019, GRAND SUD FORMATION achieves revenue of 1.6 M€. Over the period 2016-2019, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +13.4%. Vs 2018, growth of +14% (1.4 M€ -> 1.6 M€). After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 1.6 M€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 381 k€, representing 24.2% of revenue. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 285 k€, i.e. 18.1% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2019) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

1 574 955 €

Gross margin (2019) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

1 574 955 €

EBITDA (2019) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

380 849 €

EBIT (2019) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

371 661 €

Net income (2019) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

284 970 €

EBITDA margin (2019) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

24.2%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 57%. Debt remains under control: the company retains capacity to raise new debt if needed. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 18%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.6 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 18.0% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.

Debt ratio (2019) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

57.321%

Financial autonomy (2019) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

18.235%

Cash flow / Revenue (2019) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

18.038%

Repayment capacity (2019) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

0.618

Asset age ratio (2019) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

22.2%

Solvency indicators evolution
GRAND SUD FORMATION

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
57.32 2019
2017
2018
2019
Q1: 0.0
Med: 4.74
Q3: 43.68
Watch

In 2019, the debt ratio of GRAND SUD FORMATION (57.32) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A high ratio may indicate excessive dependence on external financing.

Financial autonomy
18.23% 2019
2017
2018
2019
Q1: 8.76%
Med: 31.18%
Q3: 50.57%
Average +7 pts over 3 years

In 2019, the financial autonomy of GRAND SUD FORMATION (18.2%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Repayment capacity
0.62 years 2019
2017
2018
2019
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.02 years
Q3: 0.97 years
Average -13 pts over 3 years

In 2019, the repayment capacity of GRAND SUD FORMATION (0.62) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 530.05. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 0.9x. Danger: operating income does not cover interest charges, unsustainable situation.

Liquidity ratio (2019) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

530.052

Interest coverage (2019) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

0.922

Liquidity indicators evolution
GRAND SUD FORMATION

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
530.05 2019
2017
2018
2019
Q1: 108.15
Med: 193.69
Q3: 382.55
Excellent

In 2019, the liquidity ratio of GRAND SUD FORMATION (530.05) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. A ratio above 1 ensures comfortable coverage of short-term maturities.

Interest coverage
0.92x 2019
2017
2018
2019
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 1.15x
Good -6 pts over 3 years

In 2019, the interest coverage of GRAND SUD FORMATION (0.9x) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 95 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 68 days. The company must finance 27 days of gap between collections and payments. WCR is negative (-115 days): operations structurally generate cash. Notable WCR improvement over the period (-44%), freeing up cash.

Operating WCR (2019) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

-502 647 €

Customer credit (2019) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

95 j

Supplier credit (2019) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

68 j

Inventory turnover (2019) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2019) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

-115 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
GRAND SUD FORMATION

Positioning of GRAND SUD FORMATION in its sector

Comparison with sector Enseignement supérieur

Valuation estimate

Based on 56 transactions of similar company sales in 2019, the value of GRAND SUD FORMATION is estimated at 852 524 € (range 302 446€ - 2 958 515€). With an EBITDA of 380 849€, the sector multiple of 2.8x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.29x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Medium reliability: estimate to be confirmed with in-depth analysis.

Estimated enterprise value 2019
56 tx
302k€ 852k€ 2958k€
852 524 € Range: 302 446€ - 2 958 515€
Section année 2019 Aggregated at NAF section level

Valuation detail by method

Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse

EBITDA Multiple 50%
380 849 € × 2.8x
Estimation 1 056 943 €
380 371€ - 3 453 927€
Revenue Multiple 30%
1 574 955 € × 0.29x
Estimation 464 046 €
244 683€ - 948 309€
Net Income Multiple 20%
284 970 € × 3.2x
Estimation 924 198 €
194 277€ - 4 735 294€

Valuation evolution

How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 56 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Enseignement supérieur)

Compare GRAND SUD FORMATION with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about GRAND SUD FORMATION

What is the revenue of GRAND SUD FORMATION ?

The revenue of GRAND SUD FORMATION in 2019 is 1.6 M€.

Is GRAND SUD FORMATION profitable?

Yes, GRAND SUD FORMATION generated a net profit of 285 k€ in 2019.

Where is the headquarters of GRAND SUD FORMATION ?

The headquarters of GRAND SUD FORMATION is located in BORDEAUX (33000), in the department Gironde.

Where to find the tax return of GRAND SUD FORMATION ?

The tax return of GRAND SUD FORMATION is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does GRAND SUD FORMATION operate?

GRAND SUD FORMATION operates in the sector Enseignement supérieur (NAF code 85.42Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.