FRPA : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

FRPA is a French company founded 12 years ago, specialized in the sector Programmation informatique. Based in RENNES (35000), this company of category PME shows in 2017 a revenue of 76 k€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-02

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - FRPA (SIREN 795365113)
Indicator 2017 2016
Revenue 76 140 € 69 300 €
Net income 15 242 € -10 763 €
EBITDA 12 101 € 15 680 €
Net margin 20.0% -15.5%

Revenue and income statement

In 2017, FRPA achieves revenue of 76 k€. Vs 2016: +10%. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 76 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 12 k€, representing 15.9% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (+10%), EBITDA varies by -23%, reducing margin by 6.7 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 15 k€, i.e. 20.0% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2017) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

76 140 €

Gross margin (2017) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

76 140 €

EBITDA (2017) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

12 101 €

EBIT (2017) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

-8 036 €

Net income (2017) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

15 242 €

EBITDA margin (2017) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

15.9%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at -167%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches -71%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 1.6 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 46.5% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.

Debt ratio (2017) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

-167.477%

Financial autonomy (2017) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

-70.626%

Cash flow / Revenue (2017) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

46.464%

Repayment capacity (2017) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

1.632

Solvency indicators evolution
FRPA

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
-167.48 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 0.0
Med: 2.54
Q3: 38.6
Excellent

In 2017, the debt ratio of FRPA (-167.48) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A low ratio indicates a solid financial structure with little dependence on creditors.

Financial autonomy
-70.63% 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 1.69%
Med: 30.48%
Q3: 60.35%
Watch

In 2017, the financial autonomy of FRPA (-70.6%) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. Low autonomy may limit investment capacity and increase vulnerability.

Repayment capacity
1.63 years 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.34 years
Average

In 2017, the repayment capacity of FRPA (1.63) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 160.12. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 14.3x. Operating income very largely covers interest expenses: high safety margin.

Liquidity ratio (2017) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

160.125

Interest coverage (2017) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

14.305

Liquidity indicators evolution
FRPA

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
160.12 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 123.85
Med: 217.14
Q3: 392.31
Average -20 pts over 2 years

In 2017, the liquidity ratio of FRPA (160.12) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Interest coverage
14.3x 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.26x
Excellent

In 2017, the interest coverage of FRPA (14.3x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 16 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 187 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 171 days of the operating cycle (retail model). WCR is negative (-48 days): operations structurally generate cash.

Operating WCR (2017) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

-10 243 €

Customer credit (2017) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

16 j

Supplier credit (2017) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

187 j

Inventory turnover (2017) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2017) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

-48 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
FRPA

Positioning of FRPA in its sector

Comparison with sector Programmation informatique

Valuation estimate

Based on 120 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of FRPA is estimated at 26 220 € (range 12 192€ - 70 306€). With an EBITDA of 12 101€, the sector multiple of 2.2x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.27x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2017
120 transactions
12k€ 26k€ 70k€
26 220 € Range: 12 192€ - 70 306€
NAF 5 all-time

Valuation detail by method

Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse

EBITDA Multiple 50%
12 101 € × 2.2x
Estimation 26 909 €
11 677€ - 74 024€
Revenue Multiple 30%
76 140 € × 0.27x
Estimation 20 680 €
11 690€ - 50 577€
Net Income Multiple 20%
15 242 € × 2.2x
Estimation 32 808 €
14 237€ - 90 607€

Valuation evolution

How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 120 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Programmation informatique)

Compare FRPA with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about FRPA

What is the revenue of FRPA ?

The revenue of FRPA in 2017 is 76 k€.

Is FRPA profitable?

Yes, FRPA generated a net profit of 15 k€ in 2017.

Where is the headquarters of FRPA ?

The headquarters of FRPA is located in RENNES (35000), in the department Ille-et-Vilaine.

Where to find the tax return of FRPA ?

The tax return of FRPA is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does FRPA operate?

FRPA operates in the sector Programmation informatique (NAF code 62.01Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.