FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST is a French company founded 9 years ago, specialized in the sector Location de terrains et d'autres biens immobiliers. Based in PARIS (75011), this company of category PME shows in 2017 a revenue of 140 k€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-04-18

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST (SIREN 821491768)
Indicator 2017 2016
Revenue 140 116 € 45 760 €
Net income -2 405 € -137 831 €
EBITDA 110 279 € -93 077 €
Net margin -1.7% -301.2%

Revenue and income statement

In 2017, FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST achieves revenue of 140 k€. Vs 2016, growth of +206% (46 k€ -> 140 k€). After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 140 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 110 k€, representing 78.7% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +282.1 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Net income is negative at -2 k€ (-1.7% of revenue), which will impact equity.

Revenue (2017) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

140 116 €

Gross margin (2017) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

140 116 €

EBITDA (2017) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

110 279 €

EBIT (2017) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

110 048 €

Net income (2017) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

-2 405 €

EBITDA margin (2017) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

78.7%

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 2308%. Critical situation: debt significantly exceeds equity, severely limiting borrowing capacity and exposing the company to default risk. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 4%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 21.8 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. Beyond 7 years, banks generally consider credit risk as high. Cash flow represents 55.8% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.

Debt ratio (2017) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

2308.458%

Financial autonomy (2017) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

4.122%

Cash flow / Revenue (2017) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

55.812%

Repayment capacity (2017) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

21.768

Asset age ratio (2017) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

100.0%

Solvency indicators evolution
FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
2308.46 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 0.0
Med: 13.68
Q3: 149.68
Average +51 pts over 2 years

In 2017, the debt ratio of FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST (2308.46) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Financial autonomy
4.12% 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 3.75%
Med: 38.99%
Q3: 78.34%
Average

In 2017, the financial autonomy of FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST (4.1%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Repayment capacity
21.77 years 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.51 years
Q3: 7.56 years
Average +50 pts over 2 years

In 2017, the repayment capacity of FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST (21.77) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 543.35. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 28.9x. Operating income very largely covers interest expenses: high safety margin.

Liquidity ratio (2017) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

543.352

Interest coverage (2017) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

28.892

Liquidity indicators evolution
FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
543.35 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 73.82
Med: 229.69
Q3: 855.41
Good -9 pts over 2 years

In 2017, the liquidity ratio of FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST (543.35) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Interest coverage
28.89x 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.15x
Q3: 15.56x
Excellent +50 pts over 2 years

In 2017, the interest coverage of FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST (28.9x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 10 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 115 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 105 days of the operating cycle (retail model). WCR is negative (-269 days): operations structurally generate cash.

Operating WCR (2017) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

-104 606 €

Customer credit (2017) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

10 j

Supplier credit (2017) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

115 j

Inventory turnover (2017) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2017) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

-269 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST

Positioning of FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST in its sector

Comparison with sector Location de terrains et d'autres biens immobiliers

Valuation estimate

Based on 227 transactions of similar company sales in 2017, the value of FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST is estimated at 338 862 € (range 106 200€ - 630 833€). With an EBITDA of 110 279€, the sector multiple of 4.4x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.62x (in line with sector norms). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2017
227 transactions
106k€ 338k€ 630k€
338 862 € Range: 106 200€ - 630 833€
NAF 5 année 2017

Valuation detail by method

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EBITDA Multiple 50%
110 279 € × 4.4x
Estimation 490 461 €
151 015€ - 891 016€
Revenue Multiple 30%
140 116 € × 0.62x
Estimation 86 200 €
31 510€ - 197 196€

Valuation evolution

How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 227 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Location de terrains et d'autres biens immobiliers)

Compare FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST with other companies in the same sector:

Voir toutes les statistiques du secteur Location de terrains et d'autres biens immobiliers

Frequently asked questions about FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST

What is the revenue of FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST ?

The revenue of FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST in 2017 is 140 k€.

Is FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST profitable?

FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST recorded a net loss in 2017.

Where is the headquarters of FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST ?

The headquarters of FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST is located in PARIS (75011), in the department Paris.

Where to find the tax return of FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST ?

The tax return of FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST operate?

FRANCOIS BERTRAND INVEST operates in the sector Location de terrains et d'autres biens immobiliers (NAF code 68.20B). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.