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FORWARD SAS : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

FORWARD SAS is a French company founded 10 years ago, specialized in the sector Formation continue d'adultes. Based in DIJON (21000), this company of category PME shows in 2019 a revenue of 3 k€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-02

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - FORWARD SAS (SIREN 819047879)
Indicator 2019 2018
Revenue 2 700 € N/C
Net income 1 020 € -138 €
EBITDA 452 € -452 €
Net margin 37.8% N/C

Revenue and income statement

In 2019, FORWARD SAS achieves revenue of 3 k€. After deducting consumption (2 k€), gross margin stands at 1 k€, i.e. a rate of 38%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 452 €, representing 16.7% of revenue. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 1 k€, i.e. 37.8% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2019) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

2 700 €

Gross margin (2019) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

1 020 €

EBITDA (2019) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

452 €

EBIT (2019) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

452 €

Net income (2019) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

1 020 €

EBITDA margin (2019) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

16.7%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 0%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 100%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength.

Debt ratio (2019) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

0.0%

Financial autonomy (2019) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

100.0%

Cash flow / Revenue (2019) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

0.0%

Solvency indicators evolution
FORWARD SAS

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
0.0 2019
2018
2019
Q1: 0.0
Med: 3.84
Q3: 42.29
Excellent

In 2019, the debt ratio of FORWARD SAS (0.00) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A low ratio indicates a solid financial structure with little dependence on creditors.

Financial autonomy
100.0% 2019
2018
2019
Q1: 4.48%
Med: 32.0%
Q3: 60.33%
Excellent

In 2019, the financial autonomy of FORWARD SAS (100.0%) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. High autonomy reflects financial independence and ability to absorb shocks.

Liquidity ratios

The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 100.0x. Operating income very largely covers interest expenses: high safety margin.

Interest coverage (2019) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

100.0

Liquidity indicators evolution
FORWARD SAS

Sector positioning

Interest coverage
100.0x 2019
2018
2019
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.59x
Excellent +51 pts over 2 years

In 2019, the interest coverage of FORWARD SAS (100.0x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.

Positioning of FORWARD SAS in its sector

Comparison with sector Formation continue d'adultes

Valuation estimate

Based on 134 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of FORWARD SAS is estimated at 1 378 € (range 497€ - 5 080€). With an EBITDA of 452€, the sector multiple of 2.2x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.36x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2019
134 transactions
0k€ 1k€ 5k€
1 378 € Range: 497€ - 5 080€
NAF 5 all-time

Valuation detail by method

Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse

EBITDA Multiple 50%
452 € × 2.2x
Estimation 980 €
355€ - 2 549€
Revenue Multiple 30%
2 700 € × 0.36x
Estimation 965 €
322€ - 1 887€
Net Income Multiple 20%
1 020 € × 2.9x
Estimation 2 996 €
1 118€ - 16 201€
How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 134 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Formation continue d'adultes)

Compare FORWARD SAS with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about FORWARD SAS

What is the revenue of FORWARD SAS ?

The revenue of FORWARD SAS in 2019 is 3 k€.

Is FORWARD SAS profitable?

Yes, FORWARD SAS generated a net profit of 1 k€ in 2019.

Where is the headquarters of FORWARD SAS ?

The headquarters of FORWARD SAS is located in DIJON (21000), in the department Cote-d'Or.

Where to find the tax return of FORWARD SAS ?

The tax return of FORWARD SAS is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does FORWARD SAS operate?

FORWARD SAS operates in the sector Formation continue d'adultes (NAF code 85.59A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.