Employees: 01 (2023.0)Legal category: Société à responsabilité limitée (sans autre indication)Size: PMECreation date: 2015-09-14 (10 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Commerce de détail d'articles de sport en magasin spécialiséLocation: STRASBOURG (67000), Bas-Rhin
FORCE-EST : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
FORCE-EST is a French company
founded 10 years ago,
specialized in the sector Commerce de détail d'articles de sport en magasin spécialisé.
Based in STRASBOURG (67000),
this company of category PME
shows in 2023 a revenue of 810 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
In 2023, FORCE-EST achieves revenue of 810 k€. Over the period 2016-2023, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +12.8%. Vs 2022, growth of +17% (695 k€ -> 810 k€). After deducting consumption (510 k€), gross margin stands at 299 k€, i.e. a rate of 37%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 66 k€, representing 8.2% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +7.8 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. This level of operating margin is satisfactory for the sector. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 51 k€, i.e. 6.3% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2023)
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Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
809 791 €
Gross margin (2023)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
299 309 €
EBITDA (2023)
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Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
66 490 €
EBIT (2023)
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EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
67 887 €
Net income (2023)
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Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
51 245 €
EBITDA margin (2023)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
8.2%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
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Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
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Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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%
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Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 24%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 64%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 1.2 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 6.1% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. Satisfactory level allowing partial financing of growth.
Debt ratio (2023)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
24.181%
Financial autonomy (2023)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
63.645%
Cash flow / Revenue (2023)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
6.124%
Repayment capacity (2023)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
1.224
Asset age ratio (2023)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2022
2023
Debt ratio
311.997
26.709
24.181
Financial autonomy
20.534
53.357
63.645
Repayment capacity
7.514
257.788
1.224
Cash flow / Revenue
8.373%
0.03%
6.124%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
24.182023
2016
2022
2023
Q1: 9.97
Med: 41.27
Q3: 119.84
Good-39 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the debt ratio of FORCE-EST (24.18) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. This controlled position reflects prudent management.
Financial autonomy
63.65%2023
2016
2022
2023
Q1: 16.35%
Med: 38.52%
Q3: 59.21%
Excellent+38 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the financial autonomy of FORCE-EST (63.6%) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. High autonomy reflects financial independence and ability to absorb shocks.
Repayment capacity
1.22 years2023
2016
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 1.11 years
Q3: 3.35 years
Average-24 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the repayment capacity of FORCE-EST (1.22) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 229.68. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 0.6x. Danger: operating income does not cover interest charges, unsustainable situation.
Liquidity ratio (2023)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
229.684
Interest coverage (2023)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
0.565
Liquidity indicators evolution FORCE-EST
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2016
2022
2023
Liquidity ratio
188.161
161.14
229.684
Interest coverage
7.245
26.344
0.565
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
229.682023
2016
2022
2023
Q1: 164.92
Med: 254.92
Q3: 405.65
Average-9 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the liquidity ratio of FORCE-EST (229.68) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Interest coverage
0.56x2023
2016
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 1.33x
Q3: 6.47x
Average-36 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the interest coverage of FORCE-EST (0.6x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 0 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 20 days. Favorable situation: supplier credit is longer than customer credit by 20 days. Inventory turnover is 44 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). Fast turnover, sign of good inventory management. Overall, WCR represents 36 days of revenue, i.e. 80 k€ to permanently finance. Over 2016-2023, WCR increased by +69%, requiring additional financing.
Operating WCR (2023)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
80 234 €
Customer credit (2023)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
0 j
Supplier credit (2023)
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Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
20 j
Inventory turnover (2023)
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Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
44 j
WCR in days of revenue (2023)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
36 j
WCR and payment terms evolution FORCE-EST
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2022
2023
Operating WCR
47 521 €
49 861 €
80 234 €
Inventory turnover (days)
59
55
44
Customer payment term (days)
0
0
0
Supplier payment term (days)
37
38
20
Positioning of FORCE-EST in its sector
Comparison with sector Commerce de détail d'articles de sport en magasin spécialisé
Valuation estimate
Based on 239 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of FORCE-EST is estimated at
228 365 €
(range 102 713€ - 399 889€).
With an EBITDA of 66 490€, the sector multiple of 3.4x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.28x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2023
239 transactions
102k€228k€399k€
228 365 €Range: 102 713€ - 399 889€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
66 490 €×3.4x
Estimation225 618 €
90 124€ - 392 274€
Revenue Multiple30%
809 791 €×0.28x
Estimation229 003 €
130 454€ - 396 867€
Net Income Multiple20%
51 245 €×4.6x
Estimation234 280 €
92 580€ - 423 465€
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 239 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Commerce de détail d'articles de sport en magasin spécialisé)
Compare FORCE-EST with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, FORCE-EST generated a net profit of 51 k€ in 2023.
Where is the headquarters of FORCE-EST ?
The headquarters of FORCE-EST is located in STRASBOURG (67000), in the department Bas-Rhin.
Where to find the tax return of FORCE-EST ?
The tax return of FORCE-EST is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does FORCE-EST operate?
FORCE-EST operates in the sector Commerce de détail d'articles de sport en magasin spécialisé (NAF code 47.64Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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