EXCHANGE COLLEGE : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
EXCHANGE COLLEGE is a French company
founded 8 years ago,
specialized in the sector Formation continue d'adultes.
Based in PUTEAUX (92800),
this company of category ETI
shows in 2024 a revenue of 4.4 M€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
Financial history - EXCHANGE COLLEGE (SIREN 834329385)
Indicator
2024
2023
2022
2020
2019
2018
Revenue
4 350 252 €
2 541 502 €
N/C
N/C
N/C
135 551 €
Net income
475 198 €
3 043 €
8 607 €
63 832 €
104 919 €
-77 756 €
EBITDA
840 133 €
-17 434 €
N/C
N/C
N/C
-77 317 €
Net margin
10.9%
0.1%
N/C
N/C
N/C
-57.4%
Revenue and income statement
In 2024, EXCHANGE COLLEGE achieves revenue of 4.4 M€. Over the period 2018-2024, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +78.3%. Vs 2023, growth of +71% (2.5 M€ -> 4.4 M€). After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 4.4 M€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 840 k€, representing 19.3% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +20.0 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 475 k€, i.e. 10.9% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2024)
?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
4 350 252 €
Gross margin (2024)
?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
4 350 252 €
EBITDA (2024)
?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
840 133 €
EBIT (2024)
?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
729 112 €
Net income (2024)
?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
475 198 €
EBITDA margin (2024)
?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
19.2%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Item
Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 459%. Critical situation: debt significantly exceeds equity, severely limiting borrowing capacity and exposing the company to default risk. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 13%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 4.7 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This ratio remains within usual banking standards. Cash flow represents 12.9% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.
Debt ratio (2024)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
458.641%
Financial autonomy (2024)
?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
12.97%
Cash flow / Revenue (2024)
?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
12.875%
Repayment capacity (2024)
?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
4.716
Asset age ratio (2024)
?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2018
2019
2020
2022
2023
2024
Debt ratio
-78.021
127.476
272.449
1049.397
2166.008
458.641
Financial autonomy
-31.49
3.821
6.731
4.268
3.223
12.97
Repayment capacity
-0.772
None
None
None
-42.166
4.716
Cash flow / Revenue
-57.254%
None%
None%
None%
-2.083%
12.875%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
458.642024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0
Med: 3.22
Q3: 34.93
Watch
In 2024, the debt ratio of EXCHANGE COLLEGE (458.64) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A high ratio may indicate excessive dependence on external financing.
Financial autonomy
12.97%2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 1.03%
Med: 30.48%
Q3: 60.98%
Average+9 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the financial autonomy of EXCHANGE COLLEGE (13.0%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Repayment capacity
4.72 years2024
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.51 years
Watch+50 pts over 2 years
In 2024, the repayment capacity of EXCHANGE COLLEGE (4.72) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A long duration may signal heavy debt relative to repayment capacity.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 357.71. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 11.4x. Operating income very largely covers interest expenses: high safety margin.
Liquidity ratio (2024)
?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
357.713
Interest coverage (2024)
?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
11.386
Liquidity indicators evolution EXCHANGE COLLEGE
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2018
2019
2020
2022
2023
2024
Liquidity ratio
89.926
108.754
132.971
193.188
357.974
357.713
Interest coverage
-0.376
None
None
None
-282.15
11.386
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
357.712024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 126.79
Med: 230.24
Q3: 439.51
Good+22 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the liquidity ratio of EXCHANGE COLLEGE (357.71) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Interest coverage
11.39x2024
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.65x
Excellent+50 pts over 2 years
In 2024, the interest coverage of EXCHANGE COLLEGE (11.4x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 291 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 106 days. The gap of 185 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Overall, WCR represents 335 days of revenue, i.e. 4.1 M€ to permanently finance. Over 2018-2024, WCR increased by +2191%, requiring additional financing.
Operating WCR (2024)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
4 053 043 €
Customer credit (2024)
?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
291 j
Supplier credit (2024)
?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
106 j
Inventory turnover (2024)
?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2024)
?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
335 j
WCR and payment terms evolution EXCHANGE COLLEGE
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2018
2019
2020
2022
2023
2024
Operating WCR
176 921 €
0 €
0 €
0 €
2 890 730 €
4 053 043 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
0
0
0
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
360
0
0
0
0
291
Supplier payment term (days)
318
0
0
0
102
106
Positioning of EXCHANGE COLLEGE in its sector
Comparison with sector Formation continue d'adultes
Valuation estimate
Based on 134 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of EXCHANGE COLLEGE is estimated at
1 656 386 €
(range 589 808€ - 4 790 385€).
With an EBITDA of 840 133€, the sector multiple of 2.2x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.36x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2024
134 transactions
589k€1656k€4790k€
1 656 386 €Range: 589 808€ - 4 790 385€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
840 133 €×2.2x
Estimation1 821 550 €
660 070€ - 4 737 594€
Revenue Multiple30%
4 350 252 €×0.36x
Estimation1 554 949 €
518 790€ - 3 040 217€
Net Income Multiple20%
475 198 €×2.9x
Estimation1 395 637 €
520 683€ - 7 547 618€
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 134 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Formation continue d'adultes)
Compare EXCHANGE COLLEGE with other companies in the same sector:
The revenue of EXCHANGE COLLEGE in 2024 is 4.4 M€.
Is EXCHANGE COLLEGE profitable?
Yes, EXCHANGE COLLEGE generated a net profit of 475 k€ in 2024.
Where is the headquarters of EXCHANGE COLLEGE ?
The headquarters of EXCHANGE COLLEGE is located in PUTEAUX (92800), in the department Hauts-de-Seine.
Where to find the tax return of EXCHANGE COLLEGE ?
The tax return of EXCHANGE COLLEGE is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does EXCHANGE COLLEGE operate?
EXCHANGE COLLEGE operates in the sector Formation continue d'adultes (NAF code 85.59A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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