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ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES is a French company founded 40 years ago, specialized in the sector Ingénierie, études techniques. Based in PARIS (75008), this company of category PME shows in 2016 a revenue of 3.0 M€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-09

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES (SIREN 334557345)
Indicator 2016
Revenue 2 991 138 €
Net income 333 668 €
EBITDA 589 795 €
Net margin 11.2%

Revenue and income statement

In 2016, ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES achieves revenue of 3.0 M€. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 3.0 M€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 590 k€, representing 19.7% of revenue. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 334 k€, i.e. 11.2% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2016) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

2 991 138 €

Gross margin (2016) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

2 991 138 €

EBITDA (2016) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

589 795 €

EBIT (2016) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

515 813 €

Net income (2016) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

333 668 €

EBITDA margin (2016) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

19.5%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 332%. Critical situation: debt significantly exceeds equity, severely limiting borrowing capacity and exposing the company to default risk. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 20%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 11.0 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. Beyond 7 years, banks generally consider credit risk as high. Cash flow represents 13.7% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.

Debt ratio (2016) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

331.516%

Financial autonomy (2016) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

19.57%

Cash flow / Revenue (2016) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

13.702%

Repayment capacity (2016) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

11.003

Asset age ratio (2016) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

73.7%

Solvency indicators evolution
ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
331.52 2016
2016
Q1: 0.0
Med: 5.79
Q3: 41.68
Average

In 2016, the debt ratio of ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLE... (331.52) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Financial autonomy
19.57% 2016
2016
Q1: 8.65%
Med: 34.48%
Q3: 59.09%
Average

In 2016, the financial autonomy of ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLE... (19.6%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Repayment capacity
11.0 years 2016
2016
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.72 years
Average

In 2016, the repayment capacity of ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLE... (11.00) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 175.32. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 11.7x. Operating income very largely covers interest expenses: high safety margin.

Liquidity ratio (2016) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

175.32

Interest coverage (2016) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

11.674

Liquidity indicators evolution
ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
175.32 2016
2016
Q1: 136.75
Med: 210.25
Q3: 367.56
Average

In 2016, the liquidity ratio of ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLE... (175.32) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Interest coverage
11.67x 2016
2016
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 1.39x
Excellent

In 2016, the interest coverage of ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLE... (11.7x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 86 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 129 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 43 days of the operating cycle (retail model). Overall, WCR represents 74 days of revenue, i.e. 611 k€ to permanently finance.

Operating WCR (2016) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

611 299 €

Customer credit (2016) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

86 j

Supplier credit (2016) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

129 j

Inventory turnover (2016) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2016) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

74 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES

Positioning of ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES in its sector

Comparison with sector Ingénierie, études techniques

Valuation estimate

Based on 396 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES is estimated at 600 706 € (range 290 337€ - 1 404 672€). With an EBITDA of 589 795€, the sector multiple of 1.1x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.22x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2016
396 transactions
290k€ 600k€ 1404k€
600 706 € Range: 290 337€ - 1 404 672€
NAF 5 all-time

Valuation detail by method

Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse

EBITDA Multiple 50%
589 795 € × 1.1x
Estimation 623 973 €
255 785€ - 1 561 626€
Revenue Multiple 30%
2 991 138 € × 0.22x
Estimation 670 451 €
435 961€ - 1 310 813€
Net Income Multiple 20%
333 668 € × 1.3x
Estimation 437 924 €
158 284€ - 1 153 079€
How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 396 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Ingénierie, études techniques)

Compare ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES with other companies in the same sector:

Voir toutes les statistiques du secteur Ingénierie, études techniques

Frequently asked questions about ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES

What is the revenue of ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES ?

The revenue of ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES in 2016 is 3.0 M€.

Is ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES profitable?

Yes, ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES generated a net profit of 334 k€ in 2016.

Where is the headquarters of ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES ?

The headquarters of ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES is located in PARIS (75008), in the department Paris.

Where to find the tax return of ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES ?

The tax return of ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES operate?

ETUDE REALIS INDUSTRIELLES INFORMATIQUES operates in the sector Ingénierie, études techniques (NAF code 71.12B). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.