EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR is a French company founded 10 years ago, specialized in the sector Édition de livres. Based in PARIS (75001), this company of category PME shows in 2021 a revenue of 261 k€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-02

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR (SIREN 814906368)
Indicator 2021 2020 2017 2016
Revenue 260 624 € 354 223 € N/C N/C
Net income 24 389 € 187 165 € -6 400 € -205 €
EBITDA 29 348 € 213 503 € -6 400 € -205 €
Net margin 9.4% 52.8% N/C N/C

Revenue and income statement

In 2021, EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR achieves revenue of 261 k€. Revenue is declining over the period 2020-2021 (CAGR: -26.4%). Significant drop of -26% vs 2020. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 261 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 29 k€, representing 11.3% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (-26%), EBITDA varies by -86%, reducing margin by 49.0 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. This level of operating margin is satisfactory for the sector. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 24 k€, i.e. 9.4% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2021) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

260 624 €

Gross margin (2021) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

260 624 €

EBITDA (2021) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

29 348 €

EBIT (2021) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

28 693 €

Net income (2021) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

24 389 €

EBITDA margin (2021) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

11.3%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 72%. Debt level is high: negotiating margin with banks is reduced. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 21%. The balance between equity and debt is satisfactory. Cash flow represents 9.6% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. Satisfactory level allowing partial financing of growth.

Debt ratio (2021) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

71.975%

Financial autonomy (2021) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

21.005%

Cash flow / Revenue (2021) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

9.592%

Repayment capacity (2021) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

0.0

Asset age ratio (2021) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

83.3%

Solvency indicators evolution
EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
71.97 2021
2017
2020
2021
Q1: 0.0
Med: 4.75
Q3: 57.53
Average +50 pts over 3 years

In 2021, the debt ratio of EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR (71.97) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Financial autonomy
21.0% 2021
2017
2020
2021
Q1: 2.4%
Med: 29.76%
Q3: 59.24%
Average

In 2021, the financial autonomy of EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR (21.0%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Repayment capacity
0.0 years 2021
2017
2020
2021
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.62 years
Excellent

In 2021, the repayment capacity of EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR (0.00) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A short capacity reflects controlled debt and good cash generation.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 139.89. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.

Liquidity ratio (2021) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

139.888

Interest coverage (2021) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

0.0

Liquidity indicators evolution
EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
139.89 2021
2017
2020
2021
Q1: 137.31
Med: 229.68
Q3: 413.31
Average +14 pts over 3 years

In 2021, the liquidity ratio of EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR (139.89) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Interest coverage
0.0x 2021
2017
2020
2021
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.29x
Average

In 2021, the interest coverage of EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR (0.0x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 315 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 34 days. The gap of 281 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Overall, WCR represents 27 days of revenue, i.e. 19 k€ to permanently finance.

Operating WCR (2021) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

19 380 €

Customer credit (2021) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

315 j

Supplier credit (2021) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

34 j

Inventory turnover (2021) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2021) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

27 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR

Positioning of EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR in its sector

Comparison with sector Édition de livres

Valuation estimate

Based on 104 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR is estimated at 57 495 € (range 23 313€ - 145 778€). With an EBITDA of 29 348€, the sector multiple of 1.1x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.24x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2021
104 transactions
23k€ 57k€ 145k€
57 495 € Range: 23 313€ - 145 778€
NAF 4 all-time Aggregated at NAF sub-class level

Valuation detail by method

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EBITDA Multiple 50%
29 348 € × 1.1x
Estimation 33 691 €
17 363€ - 138 277€
Revenue Multiple 30%
260 624 € × 0.24x
Estimation 63 630 €
31 408€ - 119 540€
Net Income Multiple 20%
24 389 € × 4.4x
Estimation 107 803 €
26 049€ - 203 890€
How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 104 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Édition de livres)

Compare EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR

What is the revenue of EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR ?

The revenue of EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR in 2021 is 261 k€.

Is EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR profitable?

Yes, EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR generated a net profit of 24 k€ in 2021.

Where is the headquarters of EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR ?

The headquarters of EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR is located in PARIS (75001), in the department Paris.

Where to find the tax return of EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR ?

The tax return of EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR operate?

EMMANUELLE GALAADE EDITEUR operates in the sector Édition de livres (NAF code 58.11Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.