EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS is a French company founded 17 years ago, specialized in the sector Enseignement supérieur. Based in LILLE (59800), this company of category ETI shows in 2023 a revenue of 6.9 M€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-09

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS (SIREN 509578597)
Indicator 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016
Revenue 6 917 280 € 5 576 614 € 4 154 774 € 3 129 100 € 2 364 613 € 2 042 775 € 1 720 051 € 1 454 506 €
Net income 2 570 687 € 1 896 399 € 1 295 615 € 818 267 € 696 710 € 414 865 € 486 911 € 241 288 €
EBITDA 3 457 618 € 2 645 841 € 1 893 854 € 1 331 414 € 974 653 € 604 689 € 535 128 € 382 179 €
Net margin 37.2% 34.0% 31.2% 26.2% 29.5% 20.3% 28.3% 16.6%

Revenue and income statement

In 2023, EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS achieves revenue of 6.9 M€. Over the period 2016-2023, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +25.0%. Vs 2022, growth of +24% (5.6 M€ -> 6.9 M€). After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 6.9 M€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 3.5 M€, representing 50.0% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +2.5 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 2.6 M€, i.e. 37.2% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2023) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

6 917 280 €

Gross margin (2023) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

6 917 280 €

EBITDA (2023) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

3 457 618 €

EBIT (2023) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

3 318 815 €

Net income (2023) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

2 570 687 €

EBITDA margin (2023) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

50.0%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 0%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 62%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Cash flow represents 38.7% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.

Debt ratio (2023) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

0.0%

Financial autonomy (2023) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

61.534%

Cash flow / Revenue (2023) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

38.653%

Repayment capacity (2023) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

0.0

Asset age ratio (2023) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

63.7%

Solvency indicators evolution
EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
0.0 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0
Med: 9.12
Q3: 45.37
Excellent

In 2023, the debt ratio of EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS (0.00) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A low ratio indicates a solid financial structure with little dependence on creditors.

Financial autonomy
61.53% 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 6.96%
Med: 31.41%
Q3: 53.29%
Excellent +17 pts over 3 years

In 2023, the financial autonomy of EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS (61.5%) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. High autonomy reflects financial independence and ability to absorb shocks.

Repayment capacity
0.0 years 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.69 years
Excellent

In 2023, the repayment capacity of EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS (0.00) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A short capacity reflects controlled debt and good cash generation.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 208.78. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.

Liquidity ratio (2023) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

208.783

Interest coverage (2023) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

0.0

Liquidity indicators evolution
EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
208.78 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 122.92
Med: 223.23
Q3: 348.95
Average +23 pts over 3 years

In 2023, the liquidity ratio of EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS (208.78) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Interest coverage
0.0x 2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.08x
Q3: 2.01x
Average

In 2023, the interest coverage of EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS (0.0x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 42 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 40 days. The company must finance 2 days of gap between collections and payments. Overall, WCR represents 108 days of revenue, i.e. 2.1 M€ to permanently finance. Over 2016-2023, WCR increased by +3671%, requiring additional financing.

Operating WCR (2023) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

2 074 077 €

Customer credit (2023) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

42 j

Supplier credit (2023) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

40 j

Inventory turnover (2023) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2023) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

108 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS

Positioning of EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS in its sector

Comparison with sector Enseignement supérieur

Valuation estimate

Based on 412 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS is estimated at 7 692 644 € (range 3 026 348€ - 22 262 800€). With an EBITDA of 3 457 618€, the sector multiple of 3.0x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.29x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2023
412 transactions
3026k€ 7692k€ 22262k€
7 692 644 € Range: 3 026 348€ - 22 262 800€
Section all-time Aggregated at NAF section level

Valuation detail by method

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EBITDA Multiple 50%
3 457 618 € × 3.0x
Estimation 10 231 818 €
3 896 274€ - 27 912 902€
Revenue Multiple 30%
6 917 280 € × 0.29x
Estimation 2 018 296 €
1 046 556€ - 3 279 602€
Net Income Multiple 20%
2 570 687 € × 3.8x
Estimation 9 856 231 €
3 821 226€ - 36 612 345€

Valuation evolution

How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 412 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Enseignement supérieur)

Compare EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS

What is the revenue of EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS ?

The revenue of EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS in 2023 is 6.9 M€.

Is EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS profitable?

Yes, EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS generated a net profit of 2.6 M€ in 2023.

Where is the headquarters of EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS ?

The headquarters of EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS is located in LILLE (59800), in the department Nord.

Where to find the tax return of EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS ?

The tax return of EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS operate?

EFAP LILLE-EUROPE SAS operates in the sector Enseignement supérieur (NAF code 85.42Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.