EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS is a French company founded 28 years ago, specialized in the sector Édition de livres. Based in PARIS (75016), this company of category PME shows in 2022 a revenue of 322 k€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-09

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS (SIREN 418070942)
Indicator 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2016 2015 2014 2013
Revenue 321 638 € 360 207 € 321 004 € 450 767 € 489 887 € 577 951 € 722 145 € 693 698 € 2 128 170 €
Net income -4 098 € 25 432 € 6 568 € 20 459 € 86 234 € 178 331 € 147 176 € 711 630 € 731 439 €
EBITDA -5 356 € 53 803 € -28 893 € 51 029 € 97 076 € 203 818 € 301 894 € 189 794 € 1 375 701 €
Net margin -1.3% 7.1% 2.0% 4.5% 17.6% 30.9% 20.4% 102.6% 34.4%

Revenue and income statement

In 2022, EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS achieves revenue of 322 k€. Revenue is declining over the period 2013-2022 (CAGR: -18.9%). Significant drop of -11% vs 2021. After deducting consumption (1 k€), gross margin stands at 320 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches -5 k€, representing -1.7% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (-11%), EBITDA varies by -110%, reducing margin by 16.6 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. Negative EBITDA means operations do not cover current expenses: concerning situation. Net income is negative at -4 k€ (-1.3% of revenue), which will impact equity.

Revenue (2022) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

321 638 €

Gross margin (2022) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

320 294 €

EBITDA (2022) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

-5 356 €

EBIT (2022) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

4 950 €

Net income (2022) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

-4 098 €

EBITDA margin (2022) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

-1.7%

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 6022%. Critical situation: debt significantly exceeds equity, severely limiting borrowing capacity and exposing the company to default risk. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 0%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 145.5 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. Beyond 7 years, banks generally consider credit risk as high. Cash flow represents 0.6% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment.

Debt ratio (2022) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

6021.507%

Financial autonomy (2022) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

0.469%

Cash flow / Revenue (2022) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

0.552%

Repayment capacity (2022) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

145.514

Solvency indicators evolution
EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
6021.51 2022
2020
2021
2022
Q1: 0.0
Med: 4.73
Q3: 56.54
Watch +21 pts over 3 years

In 2022, the debt ratio of EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS (6021.51) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A high ratio may indicate excessive dependence on external financing.

Financial autonomy
0.47% 2022
2020
2021
2022
Q1: 2.72%
Med: 31.74%
Q3: 62.38%
Average -50 pts over 3 years

In 2022, the financial autonomy of EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS (0.5%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Repayment capacity
145.51 years 2022
2020
2021
2022
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.43 years
Watch +57 pts over 3 years

In 2022, the repayment capacity of EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS (145.51) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A long duration may signal heavy debt relative to repayment capacity.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 76.02. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.

Liquidity ratio (2022) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

76.022

Interest coverage (2022) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

-168.932

Liquidity indicators evolution
EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
76.02 2022
2020
2021
2022
Q1: 131.72
Med: 214.48
Q3: 411.5
Watch -50 pts over 3 years

In 2022, the liquidity ratio of EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS (76.02) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. A ratio below 1 may signal potential cash flow tensions.

Interest coverage
-168.93x 2022
2020
2021
2022
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.43x
Watch

In 2022, the interest coverage of EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS (-168.9x) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. Low coverage may indicate fragility to rate or income variations.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 178 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 107 days. The gap of 71 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Inventory turnover is 12 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). Fast turnover, sign of good inventory management. WCR is negative (-109 days): operations structurally generate cash. Notable WCR improvement over the period (-124%), freeing up cash.

Operating WCR (2022) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

-97 022 €

Customer credit (2022) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

178 j

Supplier credit (2022) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

107 j

Inventory turnover (2022) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

12 j

WCR in days of revenue (2022) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

-109 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS

Positioning of EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS in its sector

Comparison with sector Édition de livres

Valuation estimate

Based on 104 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS is estimated at 78 526 € (range 38 761€ - 147 525€). The price/revenue ratio is 0.24x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2022
104 transactions
38k€ 78k€ 147k€
78 526 € Range: 38 761€ - 147 525€
NAF 4 all-time Aggregated at NAF sub-class level

Valuation method used

Revenue Multiple
321 638 € × 0.24x = 78 526 €
Range: 38 761€ - 147 525€

Only this financial indicator is available for this company.

How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 104 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Édition de livres)

Compare EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS

What is the revenue of EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS ?

The revenue of EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS in 2022 is 322 k€.

Is EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS profitable?

EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS recorded a net loss in 2022.

Where is the headquarters of EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS ?

The headquarters of EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS is located in PARIS (75016), in the department Paris.

Where to find the tax return of EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS ?

The tax return of EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS operate?

EDITIONS GERARD DE VILLIERS operates in the sector Édition de livres (NAF code 58.11Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.