Employees: NN (None)Legal category: SCA (commandite par actions)Size: PMECreation date: 2018-08-01 (7 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Édition de livresLocation: HUSSEREN-LES-CHATEAUX (68420), Haut-Rhin
DREI EXEN : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
DREI EXEN is a French company
founded 7 years ago,
specialized in the sector Édition de livres.
Based in HUSSEREN-LES-CHATEAUX (68420),
this company of category PME
shows in 2024 a revenue of 2 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
In 2024, DREI EXEN achieves revenue of 2 k€. Revenue is declining over the period 2018-2024 (CAGR: -32.5%). Vs 2022, growth of +234% (664 € -> 2 k€). After deducting consumption (636 €), gross margin stands at 2 k€, i.e. a rate of 71%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 1 k€, representing 51.6% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +64.8 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Net income is negative at -33 € (-1.5% of revenue), which will impact equity.
Revenue (2024)
?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
2 221 €
Gross margin (2024)
?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
1 585 €
EBITDA (2024)
?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
1 145 €
EBIT (2024)
?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
-33 €
Net income (2024)
?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
-33 €
EBITDA margin (2024)
?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
51.6%
Loading income statement...
Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
Loading data...
Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
Loading data...
Item
Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 7962%. Critical situation: debt significantly exceeds equity, severely limiting borrowing capacity and exposing the company to default risk. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 1%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 21.8 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. Beyond 7 years, banks generally consider credit risk as high. Cash flow represents 51.6% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.
Debt ratio (2024)
?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
7961.783%
Financial autonomy (2024)
?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
1.23%
Cash flow / Revenue (2024)
?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
51.598%
Repayment capacity (2024)
?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
21.815
Solvency indicators evolution DREI EXEN
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2024
Debt ratio
3630.84
3742.515
4000.0
4646.84
6756.757
7961.783
Financial autonomy
0.98
2.394
2.261
2.101
1.458
1.23
Repayment capacity
-116.738
3.242
15.152
-284.091
-312.5
21.815
Cash flow / Revenue
-1.013%
38.694%
42.559%
-3.77%
-12.048%
51.598%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
7961.782024
2021
2022
2024
Q1: 0.0
Med: 0.83
Q3: 20.07
Watch+22 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the debt ratio of DREI EXEN (7961.78) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A high ratio may indicate excessive dependence on external financing.
Financial autonomy
1.23%2024
2021
2022
2024
Q1: 0.0%
Med: 21.83%
Q3: 54.97%
Average
In 2024, the financial autonomy of DREI EXEN (1.2%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Repayment capacity
21.82 years2024
2021
2022
2024
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.13 years
Watch+67 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the repayment capacity of DREI EXEN (21.82) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A long duration may signal heavy debt relative to repayment capacity.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 10814.15. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.
Liquidity ratio (2024)
?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
10814.151
Interest coverage (2024)
?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
0.0
Liquidity indicators evolution DREI EXEN
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2024
Liquidity ratio
157.672
1247.474
1368.036
31748.611
None
10814.151
Interest coverage
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
10814.152024
2021
2024
Q1: 133.32
Med: 234.62
Q3: 441.3
Excellent-7 pts over 2 years
In 2024, the liquidity ratio of DREI EXEN (10814.15) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. A ratio above 1 ensures comfortable coverage of short-term maturities.
Interest coverage
0.0x2024
2021
2022
2024
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.79x
Average
In 2024, the interest coverage of DREI EXEN (0.0x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 442 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 61 days. The gap of 381 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Inventory turnover is 2512 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). This high level ties up cash and potentially creates obsolescence risk. Overall, WCR represents 1294 days of revenue, i.e. 8 k€ to permanently finance. Notable WCR improvement over the period (-83%), freeing up cash.
Operating WCR (2024)
?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
7 983 €
Customer credit (2024)
?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
442 j
Supplier credit (2024)
?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
61 j
Inventory turnover (2024)
?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
2512 j
WCR in days of revenue (2024)
?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
1294 j
WCR and payment terms evolution DREI EXEN
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2024
Operating WCR
47 775 €
15 848 €
12 037 €
12 218 €
8 351 €
7 983 €
Inventory turnover (days)
323
331
1606
2612
9050
2512
Customer payment term (days)
316
84
339
602
527
442
Supplier payment term (days)
-1398
49
615
21
0
61
Positioning of DREI EXEN in its sector
Comparison with sector Édition de livres
Valuation estimate
Based on 104 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of DREI EXEN is estimated at
1 024 €
(range 523€ - 3 753€).
With an EBITDA of 1 145€, the sector multiple of 1.1x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.24x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2024
104 transactions
0k€1k€3k€
1 024 €Range: 523€ - 3 753€
NAF 4 all-time
Aggregated at NAF sub-class level
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
1 145 €×1.1x
Estimation1 314 €
677€ - 5 395€
Revenue Multiple30%
2 221 €×0.24x
Estimation542 €
268€ - 1 019€
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 104 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Édition de livres)
Compare DREI EXEN with other companies in the same sector:
The headquarters of DREI EXEN is located in HUSSEREN-LES-CHATEAUX (68420), in the department Haut-Rhin.
Where to find the tax return of DREI EXEN ?
The tax return of DREI EXEN is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does DREI EXEN operate?
DREI EXEN operates in the sector Édition de livres (NAF code 58.11Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
Rotate your phone to landscape mode to view the chart