D'ORBESTIER : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

D'ORBESTIER is a French company founded 30 years ago, specialized in the sector Édition de livres. Based in SAINT-SEBASTIEN-SUR-LOIRE (44230), this company of category PME shows in 2020 a revenue of 52 k€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-09

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - D'ORBESTIER (SIREN 402181515)
Indicator 2020 2018 2016
Revenue 51 726 € N/C 116 161 €
Net income 663 € -10 335 € 5 569 €
EBITDA 11 531 € N/C 88 632 €
Net margin 1.3% N/C 4.8%

Revenue and income statement

In 2020, D'ORBESTIER achieves revenue of 52 k€. Revenue is declining over the period 2016-2020 (CAGR: -18.3%). After deducting consumption (11 k€), gross margin stands at 41 k€, i.e. a rate of 79%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 12 k€, representing 22.3% of revenue. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 663 €, i.e. 1.3% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2020) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

51 726 €

Gross margin (2020) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

40 923 €

EBITDA (2020) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

11 531 €

EBIT (2020) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

733 €

Net income (2020) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

663 €

EBITDA margin (2020) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

12.7%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 0%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 73%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Cash flow represents 7.3% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. Satisfactory level allowing partial financing of growth.

Debt ratio (2020) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

0.0%

Financial autonomy (2020) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

73.338%

Cash flow / Revenue (2020) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

7.335%

Repayment capacity (2020) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

0.0

Asset age ratio (2020) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

8.3%

Solvency indicators evolution
D'ORBESTIER

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
0.0 2020
2016
2018
2020
Q1: 0.0
Med: 4.09
Q3: 63.44
Excellent

In 2020, the debt ratio of D'ORBESTIER (0.00) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A low ratio indicates a solid financial structure with little dependence on creditors.

Financial autonomy
73.34% 2020
2016
2018
2020
Q1: 3.06%
Med: 29.96%
Q3: 58.91%
Excellent +10 pts over 3 years

In 2020, the financial autonomy of D'ORBESTIER (73.3%) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. High autonomy reflects financial independence and ability to absorb shocks.

Repayment capacity
0.0 years 2020
2016
2018
2020
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.49 years
Excellent

In 2020, the repayment capacity of D'ORBESTIER (0.00) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A short capacity reflects controlled debt and good cash generation.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 372.70. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 0.6x. Danger: operating income does not cover interest charges, unsustainable situation.

Liquidity ratio (2020) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

372.699

Interest coverage (2020) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

0.607

Liquidity indicators evolution
D'ORBESTIER

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
372.7 2020
2016
2018
2020
Q1: 130.03
Med: 217.14
Q3: 416.98
Good +21 pts over 3 years

In 2020, the liquidity ratio of D'ORBESTIER (372.70) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Interest coverage
0.61x 2020
2016
2020
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.3x
Excellent

In 2020, the interest coverage of D'ORBESTIER (0.6x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 244 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 63 days. The gap of 181 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Inventory turnover is 524 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). This high level ties up cash and potentially creates obsolescence risk. Overall, WCR represents 380 days of revenue, i.e. 55 k€ to permanently finance. Over 2016-2020, WCR increased by +1521%, requiring additional financing.

Operating WCR (2020) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

54 553 €

Customer credit (2020) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

244 j

Supplier credit (2020) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

63 j

Inventory turnover (2020) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

524 j

WCR in days of revenue (2020) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

380 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
D'ORBESTIER

Positioning of D'ORBESTIER in its sector

Comparison with sector Édition de livres

Valuation estimate

Based on 104 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of D'ORBESTIER is estimated at 10 993 € (range 5 422€ - 35 390€). With an EBITDA of 11 531€, the sector multiple of 1.1x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.24x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2020
104 transactions
5k€ 10k€ 35k€
10 993 € Range: 5 422€ - 35 390€
NAF 4 all-time Aggregated at NAF sub-class level

Valuation detail by method

Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse

EBITDA Multiple 50%
11 531 € × 1.1x
Estimation 13 237 €
6 822€ - 54 330€
Revenue Multiple 30%
51 726 € × 0.24x
Estimation 12 629 €
6 234€ - 23 725€
Net Income Multiple 20%
663 € × 4.4x
Estimation 2 931 €
708€ - 5 543€
How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 104 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Édition de livres)

Compare D'ORBESTIER with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about D'ORBESTIER

What is the revenue of D'ORBESTIER ?

The revenue of D'ORBESTIER in 2020 is 52 k€.

Is D'ORBESTIER profitable?

Yes, D'ORBESTIER generated a net profit of 663€ in 2020.

Where is the headquarters of D'ORBESTIER ?

The headquarters of D'ORBESTIER is located in SAINT-SEBASTIEN-SUR-LOIRE (44230), in the department Loire-Atlantique.

Where to find the tax return of D'ORBESTIER ?

The tax return of D'ORBESTIER is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does D'ORBESTIER operate?

D'ORBESTIER operates in the sector Édition de livres (NAF code 58.11Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.