CT FORMATION : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

CT FORMATION is a French company founded 19 years ago, specialized in the sector Formation continue d'adultes. Based in REZE (44400), this company of category PME shows in 2025 a revenue of 1.5 M€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-02

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - CT FORMATION (SIREN 494227192)
Indicator 2025 2024 2023
Revenue 1 502 047 € 1 597 019 € N/C
Net income 96 922 € 153 732 € 27 460 €
EBITDA 127 786 € 205 895 € N/C
Net margin 6.5% 9.6% N/C

Revenue and income statement

In 2025, CT FORMATION achieves revenue of 1.5 M€. Revenue is declining over the period 2024-2025 (CAGR: -5.9%). Slight decline of -6% vs 2024. After deducting consumption (1 k€), gross margin stands at 1.5 M€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 128 k€, representing 8.5% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (-6%), EBITDA varies by -38%, reducing margin by 4.4 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. This level of operating margin is satisfactory for the sector. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 97 k€, i.e. 6.5% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2025) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

1 502 047 €

Gross margin (2025) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

1 500 891 €

EBITDA (2025) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

127 786 €

EBIT (2025) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

126 059 €

Net income (2025) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

96 922 €

EBITDA margin (2025) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

8.5%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 11%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 60%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.4 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 6.8% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. Satisfactory level allowing partial financing of growth.

Debt ratio (2025) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

11.054%

Financial autonomy (2025) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

59.794%

Cash flow / Revenue (2025) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

6.771%

Repayment capacity (2025) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

0.383

Asset age ratio (2025) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

24.4%

Solvency indicators evolution
CT FORMATION

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
11.05 2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 0.0
Med: 4.1
Q3: 39.26
Average -20 pts over 3 years

In 2025, the debt ratio of CT FORMATION (11.05) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Financial autonomy
59.79% 2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 1.95%
Med: 30.49%
Q3: 62.39%
Good +24 pts over 3 years

In 2025, the financial autonomy of CT FORMATION (59.8%) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Repayment capacity
0.38 years 2025
2024
2025
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.68 years
Average

In 2025, the repayment capacity of CT FORMATION (0.38) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 259.76. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 1.0x. Coverage is limited: any activity downturn would jeopardize interest payments.

Liquidity ratio (2025) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

259.765

Interest coverage (2025) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

1.017

Liquidity indicators evolution
CT FORMATION

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
259.76 2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 138.82
Med: 248.55
Q3: 557.49
Good +18 pts over 3 years

In 2025, the liquidity ratio of CT FORMATION (259.76) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Interest coverage
1.02x 2025
2024
2025
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.8x
Excellent

In 2025, the interest coverage of CT FORMATION (1.0x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 52 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 27 days. The company must finance 25 days of gap between collections and payments. Overall, WCR represents 53 days of revenue, i.e. 220 k€ to permanently finance.

Operating WCR (2025) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

220 260 €

Customer credit (2025) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

52 j

Supplier credit (2025) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

27 j

Inventory turnover (2025) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2025) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

53 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
CT FORMATION

Positioning of CT FORMATION in its sector

Comparison with sector Formation continue d'adultes

Valuation estimate

Based on 134 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of CT FORMATION is estimated at 356 528 € (range 125 176€ - 983 099€). With an EBITDA of 127 786€, the sector multiple of 2.2x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.36x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2025
134 transactions
125k€ 356k€ 983k€
356 528 € Range: 125 176€ - 983 099€
NAF 5 all-time

Valuation detail by method

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EBITDA Multiple 50%
127 786 € × 2.2x
Estimation 277 062 €
100 398€ - 720 598€
Revenue Multiple 30%
1 502 047 € × 0.36x
Estimation 536 890 €
179 127€ - 1 049 721€
Net Income Multiple 20%
96 922 € × 2.9x
Estimation 284 656 €
106 199€ - 1 539 422€

Valuation evolution

How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 134 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Formation continue d'adultes)

Compare CT FORMATION with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about CT FORMATION

What is the revenue of CT FORMATION ?

The revenue of CT FORMATION in 2025 is 1.5 M€.

Is CT FORMATION profitable?

Yes, CT FORMATION generated a net profit of 97 k€ in 2025.

Where is the headquarters of CT FORMATION ?

The headquarters of CT FORMATION is located in REZE (44400), in the department Loire-Atlantique.

Where to find the tax return of CT FORMATION ?

The tax return of CT FORMATION is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does CT FORMATION operate?

CT FORMATION operates in the sector Formation continue d'adultes (NAF code 85.59A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.