CO.SEF : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

CO.SEF is a French company founded 22 years ago, specialized in the sector Conseil pour les affaires et autres conseils de gestion. Based in MONTROUGE (92120), this company of category PME shows in 2023 a revenue of 1.2 M€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-04-25

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - CO.SEF (SIREN 451303531)
Indicator 2023 2023 2022 2021
Revenue 1 206 442 € 254 137 € 1 062 008 € 924 165 €
Net income 37 172 € 273 335 € 26 500 € 15 383 €
EBITDA 74 703 € 82 045 € 23 830 € 30 535 €
Net margin 3.1% 107.6% 2.5% 1.7%

Revenue and income statement

In 2023, CO.SEF achieves revenue of 1.2 M€. Over the period 2021-2023, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +14.3%. Vs 2023, growth of +375% (254 k€ -> 1.2 M€). After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 1.2 M€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 75 k€, representing 6.2% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (+375%), EBITDA varies by -9%, reducing margin by 26.1 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. The operating margin remains fragile, requiring cost vigilance. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 37 k€, i.e. 3.1% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2023) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

1 206 442 €

Gross margin (2023) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

1 206 442 €

EBITDA (2023) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

74 703 €

EBIT (2023) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

44 330 €

Net income (2023) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

37 172 €

EBITDA margin (2023) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

6.2%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 5%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 59%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.5 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 5.6% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. Satisfactory level allowing partial financing of growth.

Debt ratio (2023) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

4.812%

Financial autonomy (2023) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

58.812%

Cash flow / Revenue (2023) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

5.597%

Repayment capacity (2023) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

0.46

Asset age ratio (2023) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

15.8%

Solvency indicators evolution
CO.SEF

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
4.81 2023
2022
2023
2023
Q1: 0.0
Med: 4.57
Q3: 46.64
Average

In 2023, the debt ratio of CO.SEF (4.81) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Financial autonomy
58.81% 2023
2022
2023
2023
Q1: 4.34%
Med: 38.5%
Q3: 74.88%
Good

In 2023, the financial autonomy of CO.SEF (58.8%) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Repayment capacity
0.46 years 2023
2022
2023
2023
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 1.06 years
Average +36 pts over 3 years

In 2023, the repayment capacity of CO.SEF (0.46) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 132.52. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 0.2x. Danger: operating income does not cover interest charges, unsustainable situation.

Liquidity ratio (2023) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

132.519

Interest coverage (2023) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

0.195

Liquidity indicators evolution
CO.SEF

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
132.52 2023
2022
2023
2023
Q1: 139.65
Med: 306.13
Q3: 898.97
Average

In 2023, the liquidity ratio of CO.SEF (132.52) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Interest coverage
0.2x 2023
2022
2023
2023
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.24x
Good

In 2023, the interest coverage of CO.SEF (0.2x) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 108 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 86 days. The company must finance 22 days of gap between collections and payments. Overall, WCR represents 47 days of revenue, i.e. 156 k€ to permanently finance. Over 2021-2023, WCR increased by +387%, requiring additional financing.

Operating WCR (2023) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

156 053 €

Customer credit (2023) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

108 j

Supplier credit (2023) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

86 j

Inventory turnover (2023) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2023) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

47 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
CO.SEF

Positioning of CO.SEF in its sector

Comparison with sector Conseil pour les affaires et autres conseils de gestion

Valuation estimate

Based on 66 transactions of similar company sales in 2023, the value of CO.SEF is estimated at 428 349 € (range 151 658€ - 708 713€). With an EBITDA of 74 703€, the sector multiple of 4.0x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.63x (in line with sector norms). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Medium reliability: estimate to be confirmed with in-depth analysis.

Estimated enterprise value 2023
66 tx
151k€ 428k€ 708k€
428 349 € Range: 151 658€ - 708 713€
NAF 5 année 2023

Valuation detail by method

Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse

EBITDA Multiple 50%
74 703 € × 4.0x
Estimation 295 735 €
54 822€ - 433 489€
Revenue Multiple 30%
1 206 442 € × 0.63x
Estimation 762 892 €
329 129€ - 1 195 630€
Net Income Multiple 20%
37 172 € × 6.9x
Estimation 258 073 €
127 544€ - 666 399€

Valuation evolution

How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 66 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Conseil pour les affaires et autres conseils de gestion)

Compare CO.SEF with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about CO.SEF

What is the revenue of CO.SEF ?

The revenue of CO.SEF in 2023 is 1.2 M€.

Is CO.SEF profitable?

Yes, CO.SEF generated a net profit of 37 k€ in 2023.

Where is the headquarters of CO.SEF ?

The headquarters of CO.SEF is located in MONTROUGE (92120), in the department Hauts-de-Seine.

Where to find the tax return of CO.SEF ?

The tax return of CO.SEF is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does CO.SEF operate?

CO.SEF operates in the sector Conseil pour les affaires et autres conseils de gestion (NAF code 70.22Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.