COMMENT DIRE : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

COMMENT DIRE is a French company founded 34 years ago, specialized in the sector Formation continue d'adultes. Based in PARIS (75005), this company of category PME shows in 2017 a revenue of 304 k€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-02

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - COMMENT DIRE (SIREN 382504306)
Indicator 2017 2016
Revenue 303 563 € 327 220 €
Net income 18 185 € 26 974 €
EBITDA 24 285 € 35 552 €
Net margin 6.0% 8.2%

Revenue and income statement

In 2017, COMMENT DIRE achieves revenue of 304 k€. Slight decline of -7% vs 2016. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 304 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 24 k€, representing 8.0% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (-7%), EBITDA varies by -32%, reducing margin by 2.9 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. The operating margin remains fragile, requiring cost vigilance. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 18 k€, i.e. 6.0% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2017) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

303 563 €

Gross margin (2017) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

303 563 €

EBITDA (2017) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

24 285 €

EBIT (2017) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

21 545 €

Net income (2017) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

18 185 €

EBITDA margin (2017) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

8.0%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 0%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 27%. The balance between equity and debt is satisfactory. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.0 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 6.2% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. Satisfactory level allowing partial financing of growth.

Debt ratio (2017) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

0.021%

Financial autonomy (2017) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

26.937%

Cash flow / Revenue (2017) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

6.224%

Repayment capacity (2017) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

0.001

Asset age ratio (2017) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

21.3%

Solvency indicators evolution
COMMENT DIRE

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
0.02 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 0.0
Med: 3.78
Q3: 38.73
Good

In 2017, the debt ratio of COMMENT DIRE (0.02) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. This controlled position reflects prudent management.

Financial autonomy
26.94% 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 3.07%
Med: 28.42%
Q3: 57.76%
Average

In 2017, the financial autonomy of COMMENT DIRE (26.9%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Repayment capacity
0.0 years 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.41 years
Average

In 2017, the repayment capacity of COMMENT DIRE (0.00) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 132.22. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 0.6x. Danger: operating income does not cover interest charges, unsustainable situation.

Liquidity ratio (2017) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

132.221

Interest coverage (2017) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

0.618

Liquidity indicators evolution
COMMENT DIRE

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
132.22 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 123.22
Med: 198.8
Q3: 354.89
Average

In 2017, the liquidity ratio of COMMENT DIRE (132.22) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Interest coverage
0.62x 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.61x
Excellent +7 pts over 2 years

In 2017, the interest coverage of COMMENT DIRE (0.6x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 109 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 141 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 32 days of the operating cycle (retail model). Overall, WCR represents 56 days of revenue, i.e. 48 k€ to permanently finance.

Operating WCR (2017) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

47 590 €

Customer credit (2017) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

109 j

Supplier credit (2017) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

141 j

Inventory turnover (2017) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2017) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

56 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
COMMENT DIRE

Positioning of COMMENT DIRE in its sector

Comparison with sector Formation continue d'adultes

Valuation estimate

Based on 134 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of COMMENT DIRE is estimated at 69 560 € (range 24 385€ - 189 884€). With an EBITDA of 24 285€, the sector multiple of 2.2x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.36x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2017
134 transactions
24k€ 69k€ 189k€
69 560 € Range: 24 385€ - 189 884€
NAF 5 all-time

Valuation detail by method

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EBITDA Multiple 50%
24 285 € × 2.2x
Estimation 52 654 €
19 080€ - 136 946€
Revenue Multiple 30%
303 563 € × 0.36x
Estimation 108 505 €
36 201€ - 212 148€
Net Income Multiple 20%
18 185 € × 2.9x
Estimation 53 409 €
19 926€ - 288 834€

Valuation evolution

How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 134 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Formation continue d'adultes)

Compare COMMENT DIRE with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about COMMENT DIRE

What is the revenue of COMMENT DIRE ?

The revenue of COMMENT DIRE in 2017 is 304 k€.

Is COMMENT DIRE profitable?

Yes, COMMENT DIRE generated a net profit of 18 k€ in 2017.

Where is the headquarters of COMMENT DIRE ?

The headquarters of COMMENT DIRE is located in PARIS (75005), in the department Paris.

Where to find the tax return of COMMENT DIRE ?

The tax return of COMMENT DIRE is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does COMMENT DIRE operate?

COMMENT DIRE operates in the sector Formation continue d'adultes (NAF code 85.59A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.